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Chapter 065-03 가맹관 싸움

  次日,張飛又欲下關戰馬超。人報「軍師來到。」玄德接著孔明。孔明曰:「亮聞孟起世之虎將,若與翼德死戰,必有一傷;故令子龍、漢升,守住綿竹,我星夜來此。可使條小計,令馬超歸降主公。」玄德曰:「吾見馬超英勇,甚愛之。如何可得?」孔明曰:「亮聞東川張魯,欲自立為『漢寧王』。手下謀士楊松,極貪賄賂。可差人從小路逕投漢中,先用金銀結好楊松,後進書與張魯云:『吾與劉璋爭西川,是與汝報讎。不可聽信離間之語。事定之後,保汝為漢寧王。』令其撤回馬超兵。待其來撤時,便可用計招降馬超矣。」

  玄德大喜,即時修書,差孫乾齎金珠從小路逕至漢中,託來見楊松,說知此事,送了金珠。松大喜,先引孫乾見張魯,陳言方便。魯曰:「玄德只是左將軍,如何保得我為漢寧王?」楊松曰:「備是大漢皇叔,正合保奏。」張魯大喜,便差人教馬超罷兵。孫乾只在楊松家聽回信。

  不一日,使者回報:「馬超言未成功,不可退兵。」張魯又遣人去換,又不肯回。一連三次不至。楊松曰:「此人素無言信行,不肯罷兵,其意必反。」遂使人流言云:「馬超意欲奪西川,自為蜀主,與父報讎,不肯臣於漢中。」張魯聞之,問計於楊松。松曰:「一面差人去說與馬超:『汝既欲成功,與汝一月限,要依我三件事。若依得,使有賞;否則必誅。一要取西川,二要劉璋首級,三要退荊州兵。三件事不成,可獻頭來。』一面教張衛點軍把守關隘,防馬超兵變。」

  魯從之,差人到馬超寨中,說這三件事。超大驚曰:「如何變得恁的!」乃與馬岱商議:「不如罷兵。」楊松又流言曰:「馬超回兵,必懷異心。」於是張衛分七路軍,堅守隘口,不放馬超兵入。超進退不得,無計可施。孔明謂玄德曰:「今馬超正在進退兩難之際,亮憑三寸不爛之舌,親往超寨,說馬超來降。」玄德曰:「先生乃吾之股肱心腹,倘有疏虞,如之奈何?」孔明堅意要去。玄德再三不肯放去。

  正躊躇間,忽報趙雲有書薦西川一人來降。玄德召入問之。人乃建寧俞元人也,姓李,名恢,字德昂。玄德曰:「向日聞公苦諫劉璋,今何故歸我?」恢曰;「吾聞:『良禽相木而棲,賢臣擇主而事。』前諫劉益州者,以盡人臣之心;既不能用,知必敗矣。今將軍仁德布於蜀中,知事必成,故來歸耳。」玄德曰﹕「先生此來,必有益於劉備。」恢曰;「今聞馬超在進退兩難之際。恢昔在隴西,與彼有一面之交,願往說馬超歸降,若何?」孔明曰:「正欲得一人替吾一往。願聞公之說詞。」

  李恢於孔明耳畔陳說如此如此。孔明大喜,既時遣行。恢行至超寨,先使人通名姓。馬超曰;「吾知李恢乃辯士,今必來說我。」先喚二十刀斧手伏於帳下,囑曰:「令汝砍,即砍為肉醬!」



66 Early next day Zhang Fei was once more going down out of the Pass to fight, when they told him that the Directing Instructor had arrived. Liu Bei went to receive him, and Zhuge Liang at once began to speak of Ma Chao.

67 "He is the most terrible leader of the age. If he fights a desperate battle with Zhang Fei, loss of a general will ensue. So I have come as quickly as I could. I left Mianzhu in the safe hands of Zhao Zilong and Huang Zhong. I think I have a little ruse left that will bring Ma Chao over to our side."

68 "Now I have seen the man. I greatly admire him," said Liu Bei. "If we could only win him over!"

69 "Then listen, my lord," said Zhuge Liang. "Zhang Lu greatly desires the title of 'Prince of Hanzhong.' Among his most intimate subordinates, I know Yang Song open to bribery. So we will send a person secretly to see him and give him gold and silver and so win his support. This done, we will write to Zhang Lu and tell him that you are set upon taking Yizhou from its present ruler, which will give an opportunity to wipe out the enmity he has so long nourished against Liu Zhang, and that the reward of his remaining firmly on our side to the end will be that you will memorialize the Throne for the coveted title for him. This will make him order Ma Chao to return, and, when that is done, I shall find a means of winning him over."

70 Liu Bei wrote a letter and sent it by the hand of Sun Qian together with gold and pearls. Sun Qian went by secret roads to give these to Yang Song. And when he found Yang Song and explained his mission in private, he was quickly led into the presence of Zhang Lu.

71 "How can Liu Bei memorialize the Throne to confer on me the rank of a prince when he is but a simple General himself?" asked Zhang Lu, when he understood the offer and its conditions.

72 "He is an Imperial Uncle," said Yang Song. "With such a rank he could present such a memorial."

73 Zhang Lu assented. He sent orders to Ma Chao to cease fighting, and Sun Qian remained as the guest of Yang Song till he should see whether Ma Chao would obey the command. Before long the messenger returned with a word from Ma Chao that he could not cease fighting till he had been successful. A second and third messenger returned with a similar response.

74 "This Ma Chao is untrustworthy," said Yang Song. "He will not withdraw his soldiers because he contemplates rebellion. That is the real reason."

75 Yang Song set stories afloat rumoring: "Ma Chao desires to make himself the ruler of the west and has said that he will no longer be content with subordinate rank. And he means to avenge the death of his father."

76 The rumors came to the ear of Zhang Lu, and he asked Yang Song what should be done.

77 Yang Song proposed, saying, "Give Ma Chao a limit of a month in order to accomplish his task, provided he consents to three conditions. And if he does not agree, he will have to be put to death. The three conditions are the capture of West River Land, the head of Liu Zhang, and the repulse of the Jingzhou troops. If he fails in anyone of these, just bring his head. Meanwhile, Zhang Wei should be sent as guard at one of the strategic points which will control Ma Chao's army in case of rebellion."

78 When Ma Chao heard the three demands made on him, he was greatly troubled, saying, "What can such a charge mean?"

79 After taking counsel with Ma Dai, it seemed best to suspend fighting, and the army returned.

80 But Yang Song had not yet attained his end, so he said to Zhang Lu, "Ma Chao's return with an army will be a danger, and hence all the points of vantage on the homeward road must be guarded so that to stop him."

81 Thus Ma Chao was helpless and could see no way out of the difficulty.

82 Then Zhuge Liang said to his lord, "Now is my chance to use my little three inches of unworn tongue. Ma Chao is in a fix. I am going to his camp to persuade him to come over to your side."

83 "But I do not like you to run such a risk, Instructor. You are my most necessary support, and if anything happened to you, what should I do?"

84 Zhuge Liang was set upon going and persisted in his request. Liu Bei again and again refused. At this juncture a messenger came with letters from Zhao Zilong. Liu Bei called him in and questioned him. He was Li Hui of Jianning, the man who had formerly remonstrated so earnestly with Liu Zhang.

85 "You once pleaded with your master to keep me out. Why are you here now?"

86 "Because the prudent bird chooses its perch, and the wise person his master. I did attempt to dissuade Liu Zhang of Yizhou from a course which I felt to be disastrous, and thereby fulfilled my duty as his servant. He rejected my counsel, and I knew he would fail. Your liberality, O General, has won over all the region, and success must be yours. I wish to serve under your banner."

87 "Your services will surely be of great advantage to me, Sir," said Liu Bei.

88 Then Li Hui began to talk of Ma Chao, "I knew him when we were in West Valley Land together. He is now in great straits, and I may be able to talk him over. What say you?"

89 "Just the man to go instead of me," interjected Zhuge Liang. "But what arguments will you use?"

90 Li Hui leaned over and whispered in his ear thus and thus. What he said seemed to please Zhuge Liang mightily, and he was bidden to go forthwith.

91 Arrived at the camp, Li Hui sent in his name, at which Ma Chao remarked, "Yes, I know him---a glib and specious persuader. I know what he has come for, too."

92 So Ma Chao placed a score of armed ruffians in hiding about his tent and told them to cut the visitor to pieces if the signal was given.



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