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Chapter 072-01 양수와 계륵

第七十二回 諸葛亮智取漢中 曹阿瞞兵退斜谷

 Zhuge Liang's Wit Takes Hanzhong;
Cao Cao's Army Retires To The Ye Valley. 
    
卻說徐晃引軍渡漢水，王平苦諫不聽，渡過漢水紮營。黃忠，趙雲，告玄德曰：「某等各引本部兵去迎曹兵。」玄德應允。二人引兵而行。忠謂雲曰：「今徐晃恃勇而來，且休與敵；待日暮兵疲，你我分兵兩路擊之，可也。」雲然之，各引一軍據住寨柵。徐晃引兵從辰時搦戰，直至申時，蜀兵不動。晃盡教弓弩手向前，望蜀營射去。黃忠謂趙雲曰：「徐晃令弓弩射者，其軍必將退也；可乘時擊之。」

言未已，忽報曹兵後隊，果然退動。於是蜀營鼓聲大震，黃忠領兵左出，趙雲領兵右出。兩下夾攻，徐晃大敗。軍士逼入漢水，死者無數。晃死戰得脫，回營責王平曰：「汝見吾軍勢將危，如何不救？」平曰：「我若來救，此寨亦不能保。我曾諫公休去，公不肯聽，以致此敗。」

晃大怒，欲殺王平。平當夜引本部軍就營中放起火來，曹兵大亂，徐晃棄營而走。王平渡漢水來投趙雲。雲引見玄德。王平盡言漢水地理。玄德大喜曰：「孤得王子均，取漢中無疑矣。」遂命王平為偏將軍，領鄉導使。

卻說徐晃逃回見操，說王平反去降劉備矣。操大怒，親統大軍來奪漢水寨柵。趙雲恐孤軍難立，遂退於漢水之西。兩軍隔水相拒。玄德與孔明來觀形勢。孔明見漢水上流頭，有一帶土山，可伏千餘人；乃回到營中。喚趙雲吩咐：「汝可引五百人，皆帶鼓角，伏於土山之下；或半夜，或黃昏，只聽我營中砲響，砲響一番，擂鼓一番，只不要出戰。」

子龍受計去了。孔明卻在高山上暗窺。次日，曹兵到來搦戰，蜀營中一人不出，弓弩亦都不發。曹兵自回。當夜更深，孔明見曹營燈火方息，軍士歇定，遂放號砲。子龍聽得，令鼓角齊鳴。曹兵驚慌，只疑劫寨。及至出營，不見一軍；方纔回營欲歇，號砲又響，鼓角又鳴；吶喊震地，山谷應聲。曹兵徹夜不安。一連三夜，如此驚疑，操心怯拔寨，退三十里，就空闊處紮營。孔明笑曰：「曹操雖知兵法，不知詭計。」遂請玄德親渡漢水，背水結營。玄德問計，孔明曰：「可如此如此。」

曹操見玄德背水下寨，心中疑惑，使人來下戰書。孔明批來日決戰。次日，兩軍會於中路五界山前，排成陣勢。操出馬立於門旗下，兩行布列龍鳳旌旗，擂鼓三通，喚玄德答話。玄德引劉封，孟達，並川中諸將而出。操揚鞭大罵曰：「劉備忘恩失義，反叛朝廷之賊！」玄德曰：「吾乃大漢宗親，奉詔討賊。汝上弒母后，自立為王，僭用天子鑾輿，非反而何？」


1 In spite of the most earnest dissuasion, Xu Huang crossed the river and camped. Huang Zhong and Zhao Zilong asked to be allowed to go against the host of Cao Cao, and Liu Bei gave his consent.

2 Then said Huang Zhong, "Xu Huang has been bold enough to come. We will not go out against him till evening, when his soldiers are fatigued. Then we will fall upon him one on either side."

3 Zhao Zilong consented, and each retired to a stockade. Xu Huang appeared and for a long time tried to draw them into a fight, but they refused to go forth. Then Xu Huang ordered his bowmen to begin to shoot straight before them, and the arrows and bolts fell in the Shu camp.

4 Huang Zhong said, "He must be thinking of retreat, or he would not shoot thus. Now is our time to smite him."

5 Then the scouts reported that the rearmost bodies of the enemy had begun to retreat. The drums of Shu rolled a deafening peal, and Huang Zhong's army from the left and Zhao Zilong's army from the right came to the attack, and the double fight began. Xu Huang was badly defeated, and the flying soldiers were forced to River Han, where many were drowned. But Xu Huang escaped after fighting desperately, and when he got back to camp, he blamed his colleague Wang Ping for not having come to his aid.

6 "Had I done so, these camps would have been left unguarded," said Wang Ping. "I tried to dissuade you from going, but you would not hear me, and you brought about this reverse yourself."

7 Xu Huang in his wrath tried to slay Wang Ping, but Wang Ping escaped to his own camp. In the night, Wang Ping set fire on both camps, and great confusion reigned in the lines. Xu Huang ran away, but Wang Ping crossed the river and surrendered to Zhao Zilong, who led him to Liu Bei. Wang Ping told Liu Bei all about River Han and the country near by.

8 "I shall surely capture Hanzhong now that you are here to help me, friend Wang Ping," said Liu Bei.

9 Liu Bei made Wang Ping General and Army Guide.

10 Xu Huang reported Wang Ping's defection, which made Cao Cao very angry. Cao Cao placed himself at the head of a force and tried to retake the bank of the river.

11 Zhao Zilong, thinking his troops too few, retired to the west side, and the two armies lay on opposite sides of the stream. Liu Bei and his adviser came down to view the position. Zhuge Liang saw in the upper course of the stream a hill which might well screen a thousand soldiers.

12 So Zhuge Liang returned to camp, called in Zhao Zilong and said, "General, you lead five hundred troops, with drums and horns, and place them in ambush behind the hill, to await certain orders which will come some time during the night or at dawn. When you hear a detonation, you are not to appear, only give a long roll of the drums at every report."

13 Zhao Zilong departed to play his part in the drama, while Zhuge Liang went to a hill whence he could overlook the scene.

14 When next the army of Cao Cao approached the camp of Shu and offered battle, not a man came out, nor was an arrow or a bolt shot. They retired without any result. But in the depths of the night, when all the lights in the camp were extinguished and all appeared tranquil and restful, Zhuge Liang exploded a bomb, and at once Zhao Zilong beat his drums and blared his trumpets. Cao Cao's soldiers awoke in alarm, thinking it was a night raid. They rushed out, but there was no enemy, and as the hubbub ceased they went back to sleep. Soon after there was another bomb, and again the drums and the trumpets seeming to shake the earth itself, and the fearsome roar echoing along the valleys and from the hills again scared Cao Cao's soldiers. Thus the night passed in constant alarms. The next night was the same, and the next. On the fourth day Cao Cao broke up his camp, marched his troops ten miles to the rear and pitched his camp in a clear, wide space among the hills.
15 Zhuge Liang was pleased at the result of his ruse. Said he, smiling, "Cao Cao is skilled in war, but still he is not proof against all deceitful tricks."

16 The troops of Shu then crossed the river and camped with the stream behind them. When Liu Bei asked the next move, he was told, but also told to keep the plan a secret.

17 Seeing Liu Bei thus encamped, Cao Cao became doubtful and anxious, and, to bring things to a decision, he sent a written declaration of war, to which Zhuge Liang replied that they would fight a battle on the morrow.

18 On the morrow the armies faced each other half way between the two camps in front of the Mountain of Five Borders, and there they arrayed. Cao Cao presently rode up stood beside his banner, with his officers right and left and the dragon and phoenix banners fluttering in the wind. His drums rolled thrice, and then he summoned Liu Bei to a parley. Liu Bei rode out supported by Liu Feng, Meng Da, and other leaders. Then Cao Cao insolently flourizshed his whip and vilified his opponent.

19 "Liu Bei, you have forgotten kindness and lost the sense of right. You are a rebel against the government."

20 Liu Bei answered, "I am related to the imperial family, and I hold an edict authorizing me to seize all rebels. You have dared to lift up your hand against Empress Fu, made yourself a king, and arrogantly presume to an imperial chariot. If you are not a rebel, what are you?"


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