▶ 애굽에서의 이스라엘 Israel [Is'rael] in Egypt.

     (지명 이스라엘, Map, 인물 이스라엘)

The details of the history of Israel in Egypt are few. When Joseph was in power, Jacob and his whole household settled in the land: there they multiplied and became a great nation. In time a king reigned who knew not Joseph, and the people were reduced to cruel bondage. Through God's intervention and after dire judgements upon the Egyptians, the Israelites were delivered. See EGYPT and JOSEPH

A question not easily answered is, How long were the Israelites in Egypt? In Gen. 15:13; Acts 7:6, the period seems to be stated as four hundred years. Ex. 12:40 says "the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years;" and Gal. 3:17 declares that the law was given four hundred and thirty years after the promise to Abraham. The promise to Abraham was long before Israel went into Egypt, and the law was given after they came out; so that according to this passage their sojourning in Egypt must have been much less than four hundred years. A much shorter period is implied in Gen. 15:16, which says of Israel in Egypt that "in the fourth generation they shall come hither again;" and if we turn to Ex. 6:16-20 we find exactly four generations, thus:
Jacob's son Levi.
Levi's son Kohath.
Kohath's son Amram.
Amram's son Moses.

(창15:13 여호와께서 아브람에게 이르시되 너는 정녕히 알라 네 자손이 이방에서 객이 되어 그들을 섬기겠고 그들은 사백년 동안 네 자손을 괴롭게 하리니

(행07:6 하나님이 또 이같이 말씀하시되 그 씨가 다른 땅에 나그네 되리니 그 땅 사람이 종을 삼아 사백년 동안을 괴롭게 하리라 하시고

(출12:40 이스라엘 자손이 애굽에 거주한지 사백 삼십년이라

(갈03:17 내가 이것을 말하노니 하나님의 미리 정하신 언약을 사백 삼십년 후에 생긴 율법이 없이 하지 못하여 그 약속을 헛되게 하지 못하리라

(창15:16 네 자손은 사대만에 이 땅으로 돌아 오리니 이는 아모리 족속의 죄악이 아직 관영치 아니함이니라 하시더니

(출06:16-20 16 레위의 아들들의 이름은 그 연치대로 이러하니 게르손과 고핫과 므라리요 레위의 수는 일백 삼십 칠세이었으며 17 게르손의 아들들은 그 가족대로 립니와 시므이요 18 고핫의 아들들은 아므람과 이스할과 헤브론과 웃시엘이요 고핫의 수는 일백 삼십 삼세이었으며 19 므라리의 아들은 마흘리와 무시니 이들은 그 연치대로 레위의 족장이요 20 아므람이 그 아비의 누이 요게벳을 아내로 취하였고 그가 아론과 모세를 낳았으며 아므람의 수는 일백 삼십 칠세이었으며

Or, if we start with Levi, who entered with Jacob, there was ample time for Moses to have had a son, as he was eighty years old at the Exodus. Now if we reckon that at that time a man had his first son when he was forty years of age, there would have been ten generations in four hundred years. Further, the mother of Moses (Jochebed) was Levi's daughter, (Num. 26:59), Amram having married his own aunt. Ex. 6:20. Levi lived only a hundred and thirty-seven years in all, and supposing (it can be approximately proved) that he lived in Egypt eighty-eight years, Jochebed was born during those years. If Moses was born when she was forty-seven years of age, and Moses was eighty years old at the Exodus, these sums (88 + 47 + 80 = 215 years) show that Israel may have been in Egypt about two hundred and fifteen years, and this is the period now generally supposed.

(민26:59 아므람의 처의 이름은 요게벳이니 레위의 딸이요 애굽에서 레위에게서 난 자라 그가 아므람에게서 아론과 모세와 그 누이 미리암을 낳았고

(출06:20 아므람이 그 아비의 누이 요게벳을 아내로 취하였고 그가 아론과 모세를 낳았으며 아므람의 수는 일백 삼십 칠세이었으며

If we admit this to be the time of the occupation, we must endeavour to see how it agrees with the four hundred and thirty years of Gal. 3:17.

(갈03:17 내가 이것을 말하노니 하나님의 미리 정하신 언약을 사백 삼십년 후에 생긴 율법이 없이 하지 못하여 그 약속을 헛되게 하지 못하리라

YEARS.
100 Age of Abraham when Isaac was born
75 Age of Abraham, when the promise was given
– 25
   60 Age of Israel when Jacob was born
   130 Age of Jacob when he stood before Pharaoh
   215 Sojourn of Israel in Egypt
   430

If then this be the correct period, how does it agree with Gen. 15:13 and Ex. 12:40? In Gen. 15:13 and Acts 7:6, nothing is said about Egypt: "Thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs." This was said to Abraham, and may include the whole period from the birth of Isaac to the Exodus, which according to the above was four hundred and five years — thus agreeing with the round number of four hundred years. Ex. 12:40 is worded differently: "The sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years." The Samaritan Pentateuch and the LXX add the words "and of their fathers in the land of Canaan;" but these words are not in the Arabic, Syriac, or Vulgate versions; and may therefore have been added to meet the apparent difficulty. It is better to take the four hundred and thirty years as including the sojourn of Abraham (after the promise), and of Isaac, and of Jacob, though strictly speaking Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob were not 'children of Israel.'

(창15:13 여호와께서 아브람에게 이르시되 너는 정녕히 알라 네 자손이 이방에서 객이 되어 그들을 섬기겠고 그들은 사백년 동안 네 자손을 괴롭게 하리니

(출12:40 이스라엘 자손이 애굽에 거주한지 사백 삼십년이라

(행07:6 하나님이 또 이같이 말씀하시되 그 씨가 다른 땅에 나그네 되리니 그 땅 사람이 종을 삼아 사백년 동안을 괴롭게 하리라 하시고

The conclusion that the sojourn in Egypt was really for two hundred and fifteen years creates another difficulty in some minds, namely, the great increase of the Israelites during that period. Ex. 12:37 speaks of there being 600,000 men, besides children, at the Exodus. Num. 1:46 gives the number more exactly as 603,550 from twenty years old and upwards that were able to go to war. This has been calculated to signify a total of about two million men, women, and children, without the descendants of Levi. Is this a greater number than could be the descendants of those who entered Egypt? This may be reckoned in two ways: if we deduct thirteen from the seventy (for the family of Levi and for those who could not be called heads of families at that time) Deut. 10:22, the result gives fifty-seven heads of families; and if each had 14 children,

(출12:37 이스라엘 자손이 라암셋에서 발행하여 숙곳에 이르니 유아 외에 보행하는 장정이 육십만 가량이요

(민01:46 계수함을 입은 자의 총계가 육십만 삼천 오백 오십명이었더라

(신10:22 애굽에 내려간 네 열조가 겨우 칠십인이었으나 이제는 네 하나님 여호와께서 너를 하늘의 별 같이 많게 하셨느니라

In one generation there would be 798
In the second 11,172
In the third 156,408
In the fourth 2,189,712

To reckon fourteen children to each may seem a large number, but it must be remembered that there was the plurality of wives, and scripture speaks of their multiplying exceedingly. Ex. 1:7, 12, 20.

(출01:7, 12, 20. 7 이스라엘 자손은 생육이 중다하고 번식하고 창성하고 심히 강대하여 온 땅에 가득하게 되었더라 12 그러나 학대를 받을수록 더욱 번식하고 창성하니 애굽 사람이 이스라엘 자손을 인하여 근심하여 20 하나님이 그 산파들에게 은혜를 베푸시니라 백성은 생육이 번성하고 심히 강대하며

The increase may be reckoned in another manner by the population. If the above fifty-seven are multiplied by 3.3 it gives as the population at the commencement (excluding Levi, and his descendants, etc., as above) 188 persons. Suppose the population doubled itself in fifteen years (as it has been known to do in some places), the number in two hundred and ten years would be over three millions. There is therefore no difficulty in the increase of the people.

Israel in Egypt is typical of mankind in the world, under the power of Satan, before being sheltered under the blood of Christ, and redeemed by the power of God.

--- Morrish Bible Dictionary




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