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Chapter 031-02 원소의 좌절

袁紹躊躇未決。忽報袁熙引兵六萬,自幽州來,袁譚引兵五萬,自青州來,外甥高幹亦引兵五萬,自并州來,各至冀州助戰。紹喜,再整人馬,來戰曹操。時操引得勝之兵,陳列於河上,有土人簞食壺漿以迎之。操見父老數人,鬚髮盡白,乃命入帳中賜坐,問之曰:「老丈多少年紀?」答曰:「皆近百歲矣。」操曰:「吾軍士驚擾汝鄉,吾甚不安。」父老曰:「桓帝時,有黃星見於楚、宋之分,遼東人殷馗善觀天文,夜宿於此,對老漢等言:『黃星見於乾象,正照此間。後五十年,當有真人起於梁、沛之間。』今以年計之,整整五十年。袁本初重斂於民,民皆怨之。丞相興仁義之師,弔民伐罪,官渡一戰,破袁紹百萬之眾,正應當時殷馗之言,兆民可望太平矣。」操笑曰:「何敢當老丈所言?」遂取酒食絹帛賜老人而遣之。號令三軍:如有下鄉殺人家雞犬者,如殺人之罪。

於是軍民震服。操亦心中暗喜人報袁紹聚四州之兵,得二三十萬,前至倉亭下寨。操提兵前進,下寨已定。次日,兩軍相對,各布成陣勢。操引諸將出陣,紹亦引三子一甥及文官武將出到陣前。操曰:「本初計窮力盡,何尚不思投降?直待刀臨項上,悔無及矣!」紹大怒,回顧眾將曰:「誰敢出馬?」袁尚欲於父前逞能,便舞雙刀,揮馬出陣,來往奔馳。操指問眾將曰:「此何人?」有識者答曰:「此袁紹三子袁尚也。」
 
言未畢,一將挺槍早出。操視之,乃徐晃部將史渙也。兩騎相交,不三合,尚撥馬刺斜而走。史渙趕來,袁尚拈弓搭箭,翻身背射,正中史渙左目,墜馬而死。袁紹見子得勝,揮鞭一指,大隊人馬,擁將過來混戰。大殺一場,各鳴金收軍還寨。操與諸將商議破紹之策。程昱獻「十面埋伏」之計,勸操退軍於河上,伏兵十隊,誘紹追至河上;我軍無退路,必將死戰,可勝紹矣。

操然其計。左右各分五隊:左一隊夏侯惇、二隊張遼、三隊李典、四隊樂進、五隊夏侯淵;右一隊曹洪、二隊張郃、三隊徐晃、四隊于禁、五隊高覽。中軍許褚為先鋒。次日,十隊先進,埋伏左右已定。至半夜,操令許褚引兵前進,偽作劫寨之勢。袁紹五寨人馬,一齊俱起。許褚回軍便走。袁紹引軍趕來,喊聲不絕;比及天明,趕至河上,曹軍無去路。操大呼曰:「前無去路,諸軍何不死戰?」眾軍回身奮力向前。許褚飛馬當先,力斬十數將。袁軍大亂。袁紹退軍急回,背後曹軍趕來。

正行間,一聲鼓響,左邊夏侯淵、右邊高覽,兩軍衝出。袁紹聚三子一甥,死衝血路奔走。又行不到十里,左邊樂進、右邊于禁殺出,殺得袁軍屍橫遍野,血流成渠。又行不到數里,左邊李典、右邊徐晃,兩軍截殺一陣。袁紹父子膽喪心驚,奔入舊寨,令三軍造飯。方欲待食,左邊張遼、右邊張郃,逕來衝寨。紹慌上馬,前奔倉亭;人馬困乏,欲待歇息,後面曹操大軍趕來,袁紹捨命而走。

27 Then the natural hesitation of Yuan Shao asserted itself, and he could not make up his mind. Soon came news that his sons Yuan Tan 원담 was coming from Qingzhou with sixty thousand troops, Yuan Xi 원희 coming from Youzhou with fifty thousand troops, and his nephew Gao Gan 고간 coming from Bingzhou with fifty thousand troops to help him, and he turned his attention to preparations for fighting Cao Cao.

28 When Cao Cao drew up his victorious army on the banks of Yellow River, the aged natives brought an offering of food and sauce to bid him welcome. Their venerable and hoary appearances led Cao Cao to treat them with the highest respect.

29 He invited them to be seated and said to them, "Venerable Sirs, what may be your age?"

30 "We are nearly a hundred," replied the old villagers.

31 "I should be very sorry if my army had disturbed your village," said Cao Cao.

32 One of them said, "In the days of the Emperor Huan a yellow star was seen over by way of the ancient states of Chu 초 and Song in the southwest. Yin Kui 은규 of Liaodong, who was learned in astrology, happened to be passing the night here, and he told us that the star foretold the arrival in these parts, fifty years hence, of a true and honest man here in the Yellow River. Lo! That is exactly fifty years ago. Now Yuan Shao is very hard on the people and they hate him. You, Sir, having raised this army in the cause of humanity and righteousness, out of pity for the people and to punish crimes, and having destroyed the hordes of Yuan Shao at Guandu, just fulfill the prophecy of Yin Kui. The millions of the land may look now for tranquillity."

33 "How dare I presume that I am he?" said Cao Cao with a smile.

34 Wine was served and refreshments brought in, and the old gentlemen were sent away with presents of silk stuffs. And an order was issued to the army that if anyone killed so much as a fowl or a dog belonging to the villagers, he should be punished as for murder.

 And the soldiers obeyed with fear and trembling while Cao Cao rejoiced in his heart.
 
35 It was told Cao Cao that the total army from the four regions under the Yuan family amounted to two hundred thirty thousand soldiers and they were camped at Cangting. Cao Cao then advanced nearer to them and made a strong camp.

36 Next day the two armies were arrayed over against each other. On one side Cao Cao rode to the front surrounded by his commanders, and on the other appeared Yuan Shao supported by his three sons, his nephew, and his leaders.

37 Cao Cao spoke first, "Yuan Shao, your schemes are poor, your strength is exhausted, why still refuse to think of surrender? Are you waiting till the sword shall be upon your neck? Then it will be too late."

38 Yuan Shao turned to those about him, saying, "Who dares go out?"

39 His son Yuan Shang 원상 was anxious to exhibit his prowess in the presence of his father, so he flourished his pair of swords and rode forth.

40 Cao Cao pointed him out to his officers and asked, "Anyone knows him?"

41 "He is the youngest son of Yuan Shao," was the reply.

42 Before they had finished speaking, from their own side rode out Shi Huan 사환, armed with a spear. The two champions fought a little while and suddenly Yuan Shang whipped up his horse, made a feint and fled. His opponent followed. Yuan Shang took his bow, fitted an arrow, turned in his saddle, and shot at Shi Huan, wounding him in the left eye. Shi Huan fell from the saddle and died on the spot.

43 Yuan Shao seeing his son thus get the better of his opponent, gave the signal for attack, and the whole army thundered forward. The onslaught was heavy, but presently the gongs on both sides sounded the retire and the battle ceased.

44 When he had returned to camp, Cao Cao took counsel to find a plan to overcome Yuan Shao. Then Cheng Yu 정욱 proposed the plan of the "Ten Ambushes" 십면매복지계 and persuaded Cao Cao to retire upon the river, placing troops in ambush as he went. Thus would Yuan Shao be inveigled into pursuit as far as the river, when Cao Cao's army would be forced to make a desperate stand or be driven into the water.

45 Cao Cao accepted this suggestion and told off ten companies of five thousand soldiers each to lie in ten ambush on two sides of the road of retreat. The arrangement of the ambushes were thus: On the left, first company under Xiahou Dun 하후돈; second company, Zhang Liao 장요; third company, Li Dian 이전; fourth company, Yue Jing 악진; fifth company, Xiahou Yuan 하후연; on the right, first company was under Cao Hong 조홍; second company, Zhang He 장합; third company, Xu Huang 서황; fourth company, Yu Jin 우금; fifth company, Gao Lan 고람. Xu Chu 허유 commanded the advanced front.

46 Next day the ten companies started first and placed themselves right and left as ordered. In the night Cao Cao ordered the advanced front to feign an attack on the camp, which roused all the enemy in all their camps. This done, Xu Chu 허저 retreated and Yuan Shao's army came in pursuit. The roar of battle went on without cessation, and at dawn Cao Cao's army rested on the river and could retreat no farther.

47 Then Cao Cao shouted, "There is no road in front, so all must fight or die."

48 The retreating army turned about and advanced vigorously. Xu Chu simply flew to the front, smote and killed ten generals and threw Yuan Shao's army into confusion. They tried to turn and march back, but Cao Cao was close behind.

 Then the drums of the enemy were heard, and right and left there appeared two ambush companies of Gao Lan and Xiahou Yuan. Yuan Shao collected about him his three sons and his nephew, and they were enabled to cut an alley out and flee. Three miles further on they fell into another ambush of Yue Jing and Yu Jin, and here many troops of Yuan Shao were lost so that their corpses lay over the countryside and the blood filled the water courses. Another three miles and they met the third pair of Li Dian and Xu Huang barring their road.

49 Here they lost heart and bolted for an old camp of their own that was near, and bade their men prepare a meal. But just as the food was ready to eat, down came Zhang Liao and Zhang He and burst into the camp.

50 Yuan Shao mounted and fled as far as Cangting, when he was tired and his steed spent.



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