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Chapter 058-04 마초가 조조를 혼내주다

  曹操正走之間,背後一騎趕來。回頭視之,正是馬超。操大驚。左右將校見超趕來,各自逃命,只撇下曹操。超厲聲大叫曰:「曹操休走!」操驚得馬鞭墜地。看看趕上,馬超從後使鎗搠來。操遶樹而走。超一鎗搠在樹上,急拔下時,操已走遠。超縱馬趕來,山坡邊轉出一將,大叫:「勿傷吾主!曹洪在此!」輪刀縱馬,攔住馬超。操得命走脫。洪與馬超戰到四五十合,漸漸刀法散亂,氣力不加。夏侯淵引數十騎隨到。馬超獨自一人,恐被所算,乃撥馬而回,夏侯淵也不來趕。

  曹操回寨,卻得曹仁死據定了寨柵,因此不曾多折軍馬。操入帳歎曰:「吾若殺了曹洪,今日必死於馬超之手也!」遂喚曹洪重加賞賜。收拾敗軍,堅守寨柵;深溝高壘,不許出戰。超每日引兵來寨前辱罵搦戰,操傳令教軍士堅守,如亂動者斬。諸將曰:「西涼之兵,盡使長鎗,當選弓弩迎之。」操曰:「戰與不戰,皆在於我,非在賊也。賊雖有長鎗,安能便刺!諸公但堅壁觀之,賊自退矣。」諸將皆私相議曰:「丞相自來征戰,一身當先;今敗於馬超,何如此之弱也?」

  過了幾日,細作報來:「馬超又添二萬生力兵來助戰,乃是羌人部落。」操聞知大喜。諸將曰:「馬超添兵,丞相反喜,何也?」操曰:「待吾勝了,卻對汝等說。」三日後又報關上又添軍馬。操又大喜,就於帳中設宴作賀。諸將皆暗笑。操曰:「諸公笑我無破馬超之謀,公等有何良策?」徐晃進曰:「今丞相盛兵在此,賊亦全部見屯關上,此去河西,必無準備;若得一軍暗渡蒲阪津先截賊歸路,丞相逕發河北擊之,賊兩不相應,勢必危矣。」操曰:「公明之言,正合吾意。」便教徐晃引精兵四千,和朱靈同去逕襲河西,伏於山谷之中,待我渡河北同時擊之。

  徐晃,朱靈領命,先引四千軍暗暗去了。操下令,先教曹洪於蒲阪津,安排船筏。留曹仁守寨,操自領兵渡渭河。早有細作報知馬超。超曰:「今操不攻潼關,而使人準備船筏,欲渡河北,必將遏吾之後也。吾當引一軍渡河拒住北岸。操兵不得渡,不消二十日,河東糧盡,操兵必亂,卻循河南而擊之,操可擒矣。」韓遂曰:「不必如此。豈不聞兵法有云:『兵半渡可擊。』待操兵渡至一半,汝卻於南岸擊之,操兵皆死於河內矣。」超曰:「叔父之言甚善。」即使人探聽曹操幾時渡河。

  卻說曹操整兵已畢,分三停軍,前渡渭河,比及人馬到河內時,日光初起。操先發精兵渡過北岸,開創營寨。操自引親隨護衛軍將百人,按劍坐於南岸,看軍渡河。忽然人報:「後邊白袍將軍到了!」眾皆認得是馬超,一擁下船。河邊軍爭上船者,聲喧不止。操猶坐而不動,按劍指約休鬧。只聽得人喊馬嘶,蜂擁而來,船上一將躍身上岸,呼曰:「賊至矣!請丞相下船!」操視之,乃許褚也。操口內猶言:「賊至何妨?」回頭視之,馬超已離不得百餘步。許褚拖操下船時,船已離岸一丈有餘,褚負操一躍上船。隨行將士盡皆下水,扳住船邊,爭欲上船逃命。船小將翻,褚掣刀亂砍,船傍手盡折,倒於水中,急將船望下水棹去。許褚立於梢上,忙用不篙撐之。操伏在許褚腳邊。馬超趕到河岸,見船已流在半河,遂拈弓搭箭,喝令驍將遶河射之,矢如雨急。褚恐傷曹操,以左手舉馬鞍遮之。馬超箭不虛發,船上駕舟之人,應弦落水;船中數十人皆被射倒。其船反撐不定,於急水中旋轉。許褚獨奮神威,將兩腿夾舵搖撼,一手使篙撐船,一手舉鞍遮護曹操。


68 Cao Cao had got clear of the battle and was getting calmer. Then again the sound of hoofs fell upon his ears. And on looking round, he perceived Ma Chao quite close. He and those near were panic-stricken, and all scattered for their lives, careless of the fate of their leader.

69 "Cao Cao, do not flee!" cried Ma Chao coming nearer.

70 The whip dropped from Cao Cao's nerveless hand as he saw his enemy coming closer and closer. But just as Ma Chao had leveled his spear for a thrust, Cao Cao slipped behind a tree, changed the direction of his flight and so escaped, while Ma Chao struck the tree. He quickly pulled out his spear, but the delay gave the fugitive an advantage, although it did not quite free him from pursuit, for Ma Chao was soon again galloping on his track.

71 As they drew near the slope of some hills, a bold general suddenly appeared, who cried, "Do not hurt my lord!"

72 This was Cao Hong, and he went toward Ma Chao, whirling his sword. Ma Chao was stopped, and this saved Cao Cao's life. Cao Hong and Ma Chao fought half a hundred bouts till Cao Hong began to grow weary and become uncertain of his strokes. And when, shortly after, Xiahou Yuan appeared with some thirty horsemen, Ma Chao found it prudent to retire.

73 Then Cao Cao was escorted to his camp defended by Cao Ren. He found the camps were still unharmed and the losses had not been great.

74 As he sat in his tent, Cao Cao said, "Had I not spared Cao Hong, I should have fallen at the hands of Ma Chao today."

75 So he called in his rescuer and rewarded him well.

76 And they got together the scattered troops and strengthened the camp, deepening the moat and raising the rampart. Ma Chao came daily and challenged anyone to combat and abused them all shamefully, but, by the order of the Prime Minister, these insults were treated with silent contempt.

77 "Our enemies use long spears," said the officers. "We will meet them with bows and crossbows."

78 "They may have long spears," replied Cao Cao, "but whether I give battle or not depends on my decision. How can they thrust at us if we do not go out? All you have to do is to take no notice of them, and they will speedily retire."

79 The officers wondered. They said one to another, "The Prime Minister came out on this expedition of his own will and was foremost in the fight. Why does he accept defeat so easily?"

80 After some days the spies reported: "Ma Chao has been reinforced by twenty thousand Qiangs, the tribespeople beyond the frontier."

81 Cao Cao took the news gleefully. His officers asked him why the news pleased him.

82 He replied, "Wait till I have defeated them, and I will explain."

83 Three days later there was a report of further reinforcements, and Cao Cao not only smiled but gave a banquet. His officers ridiculed him in secret.

84 Then said Cao Cao, "You gentlemen laugh because I cannot destroy Ma Chao. Well then, can anyone of you propose a plan?"

85 Then rose Xu Huang and said, "O Prime Minister, you have a large force here, and the enemy also accumulate their strength on the Pass. This means that on the west side of Yellow River, behind their back, they are unprepared. If you can get an army secretly across the river and cross the Cattail Ferry, you will cut off their retreat. Then if you can march down and smite them on the banks of River Wei, they can get no reinforcements and must fail."

86 "What you propose is just what I think," said Cao Cao.

87 So Xu Huang was placed over four thousand troops, and with Zhu Ling, marched to the west of Yellow River and hid in the gullies. They were to wait till Cao Cao crossed the Yellow River so that both could strike together.

88 Then Cao Cao ordered Cao Hong to prepare boats and rafts. Cao Ren was left in command of the camps. Cao Cao himself marched to the east bank of Yellow River first, and from there attempted to cross to the west bank.

89 When Ma Chao heard of the new military movements, he said, "I understand. The Pass is left, rafts are being prepared: That means that he is going to cross to the west side and cut off my retreat. I must coast along the river and keep him off. If I can do that, his food will run short within twenty days in the east bank, and that will cause a mutiny. Then I will travel south along the river and attack."

90 Han Sui did not approve this plan. He quoted the military maxim to strike when troops were half over the river.

91 "Attack from the south when his army is in the act of crossing, and his army will be drowned in the river," said he.

92 "Uncle, your words are good," replied Ma Chao. And the spies went forth to find out the time of crossing the river.

93 When Cao Cao's preparations were complete and all was ready, he sent three parties of soldiers over the river first. They reached the ferry at the first sign of dawn, and the veterans were sent over first and lay out a camp. Cao Cao and his guard took up station on the east bank to watch the crossing.

94 Very soon the sentinels reported, "A general dressed all in white is approaching."

95 Everyone knew it must be Ma Chao. This terrified them and they made a rush to get into the boats. The river bank became a scene of shouting men struggling who could first embark. Cao Cao sat watching and never stirred. He only issued orders to stop the confusion. Meanwhile, the yelling of the troops and the neighing of the horses of the approaching army came nearer and nearer.

96 Suddenly a general jumped out of one of the boats and shouted to Cao Cao: "The rebels are close! Get into a boat, O Prime Minister!"

97 "The rebels are near. What matter?" replied Cao Cao simply to the speaker, who was Xu Chu. And he turned round to look at them.

98 As a fact Ma Chao was very close, not a hundred paces away, and Xu Chu laid hold of Cao Cao and dragged him down the bank. The boat had already pushed off and was ten spans from the bank, but Xu Chu took Cao Cao on his back and leaped on board. The boat was small and in danger of being overturned, wherefore Xu Chu drew his sword and chopped away at the hands clinging to the side so that the soldiers fell back into the water.

99 The boat went down stream, Xu Chu standing in the prow poling as hard as he could. His master crouched out of sight at his feet.

100 When Ma Chao saw the boat in midstream drifting down with the current, he took his bow and arrows and began to shoot. He also ordered his brave generals to go along the river and shoot so that a shower of arrows fell about the boat. Xu Chu fearing Cao Cao would be wounded, protected him with a saddle which he held over him with his left hand, for Ma Chao's shooting was not in vain. Many of the soldiers working the boat were wounded. Some had fallen overboard, while more lay in the bottom of the boat. The boat itself got out of control and was whirled hither and thither by the current. Xu Chu straddled over the tiller and tried thus to guide the boat, while he poled with one hand and with the other held the protecting saddle over Cao Cao's head.




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