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Chapter 101-03 두번째 퇴군

  魏兵無不駭然。司馬懿不知是人是鬼,又不知蜀兵多少,十分驚懼,急急引兵奔入上邽,閉門不出。此時孔明早令三萬精兵將隴上小麥割盡,運赴鹵城打曬去了。司馬懿在上邽城中,三日不敢出城;後見蜀兵退去,方敢令軍出哨。於路捉得一蜀兵,來見司馬懿。懿問之。其人告曰:「某乃割麥之人,因走失馬匹,被捉前來。」懿曰:「前者是何神兵?」答曰:「三路伏兵,皆不是孔明,乃姜維、馬岱、魏延也。每一路只有一千軍護車,五百兵擂鼓。只是先來誘陣的車上乃孔明也。」懿仰天長歎曰:「孔明有神出鬼沒之機!」忽報副都督郭淮入見。懿接入禮畢。淮曰:「吾聞蜀兵不多,現在鹵城打麥,可以擊之。」懿細言前事。淮笑曰:「只瞞過一時;今已識破,何足道哉!吾引一軍攻其後,公引一軍攻其前,鹵城可破,孔明可擒矣。」懿從之,遂分兵兩路而來。

  卻說孔明引軍在鹵城打曬小麥,忽喚諸將聽令曰:「今夜敵人必來攻城。吾料鹵城東西麥田之內,足可伏兵;誰敢為我一往?」姜維、魏延、馬岱四將出曰:「某等願往。」孔明大喜,乃命姜維、魏延各引二千兵,伏於東南西北兩處;馬岱、馬忠各引二千兵伏在西南東北兩處:「只聽砲響,四角一齊殺來。」四將引兵,受計去了。孔明自引百餘人,各帶火砲出城,伏在麥田之內。

  卻說司馬懿引兵逕到鹵城下,日已昏黑,乃謂諸將曰:「若白日進兵,城中必有準備;今可乘夜晚攻之。此處城低壕淺,可便打破。」遂屯兵城外。一更時分,郭淮亦引兵來。兩下合兵,一聲鼓響,把鹵城四面圍得鐵桶相似。城上萬弩齊發,矢石如雨,魏兵不敢前進。忽然魏軍中信砲連聲,三軍大驚,又不知何處兵來。

  淮令人去麥田搜時,四角上火光沖天,喊聲大震,四路蜀兵,一齊殺至;鹵城四門大開,城內兵殺出;裏應外合,大殺一陣,魏兵死者無數。司馬懿引敗兵奮死突出重圍,占住了山頭;郭淮亦引敗兵奔到山後紮住。孔明入城,令四將於四角上安營。

  郭淮告司馬懿曰:「今與蜀兵相持許久,無策可退;目下又被殺了一陣,折傷三千餘人;若不早圖,日後難退矣。」懿曰:「當復如何?」淮曰:「可發檄文調雍、涼人馬併力剿殺。吾願引軍襲劍閣,截其歸路,使彼糧草不通,三軍慌亂。那時乘勢擊之,敵可滅矣。」懿從之,及發檄文星夜往雍、涼調撥人馬。不一日,大將孫禮引諸郡人馬到。懿即令孫禮約會郭淮去襲劍閣。

  卻說孔明在鹵城相拒日久,不見魏兵出戰,乃喚馬岱、姜維入城聽令曰:「今魏兵守住山險,不與吾戰,一者料吾麥盡無糧,二者令兵去襲劍閣,斷吾糧道也。汝二人各引一萬軍先去守住險要,魏兵見有準備,自然退去。」二人引兵去了。長史楊儀入帳告曰:「向者丞相令大兵一百日一換,今已限足,漢中兵已出川口,前路公文已到,只待會兵交換;現存八萬軍,內四萬該與換班。」孔明曰:「既有令,便教速行。」

  眾軍聞知,各各收拾起程。忽報孫禮引雍、涼人馬二十萬來助戰,去襲取劍閣,司馬懿自引兵來攻鹵城了。蜀兵無不驚駭。楊儀入告孔明曰:「魏兵來得甚急,丞相可將換班軍且留下退敵,待新來兵到,然後換之。」孔明曰:「不可。吾用兵命將,以信為本。既有令在先,豈可失信?且蜀兵應去者,皆準備歸計,其父母妻子依扉而望;吾今便有大難,決不留他。」即傳令教應去之兵,當日便行。


52 The soldiers of Wei were now thoroughly frightened, and even Sima Yi himself began to feel doubtful whether these appearances should be ascribed to humans or devils. 

He realized, however, that he was in the midst of dangers as he did not know the number of the Shu soldiers, and he and his troops ran away helter-skelter, never stopping till they reached Shanggui. They entered the city and closed the gates.

53 Having thus driven off the Wei soldiers, Zhuge Liang proceeded to reap and gather the wheat in Longshang, which was carried into Lucheng and laid out to dry.

54 Sima Yi remained shut up within the walls for three days. Then, as he saw his enemies retiring, he sent out some scouts, who presently returned with a Shu soldier they had captured. The prisoner was questioned.

55 "I was of the reaping party," said the man. "They caught me when I was looking for some horses that had strayed."

56 "What wonderful soldiers were they of yours that one saw here lately?" asked Sima Yi.

57 The man replied, "Zhuge Liang was with one party of them, the others were led by Jiang Wei, Ma Dai, and Wei Yan. There was a thousand of fighting soldiers with each chariot and five hundred drummers. Zhuge Liang was with the first party."

58 "His comings and goings are not human," said Sima Yi sadly.

59 Then Guo Huai came, and he was called to a council.

60 Said Guo Huai, "I hear the soldiers of Shu in Lucheng are very few, and they are occupied with gathering the grain. Why not smite them?"

61 Sima Yi told him his last experience of his opponent's wiles.

62 "He threw dust in your eyes that time," said Guo Huai with a smile. "However, now you know. What is the good of more talk? Let me attack the rear, while you lead against the front, and we shall take the city and Zhuge Liang too."

63 An attack was decided upon.

64 In Lucheng, while the soldiers were still busy with the wheat, Zhuge Liang called up his generals, and said, "The enemy will attack tonight. There is a suitable place for an ambush in the newly reaped fields, but who will lead for me?"

65 Four generals---Jiang Wei, Wei Yan, Ma Dai, and Ma Zheng---offered themselves, and he posted them, each with two thousand troops, outside the four corners of the city. They were to await the signal and then converge. When these had gone, Zhuge Liang led out a small party of one hundred soldiers and hid in the newly reaped fields.

66 In the meantime Sima Yi was drawing near. It was dusk when he stood beneath the walls of Lucheng.

67 Said he to his officers, "If we attacked by daylight, we should find the city well prepared. So we will take advantage of the darkness. The moat is shallow here, and there shall be no difficulty in crossing it."

68 The troops bivouacked till the time should come to attack. About the middle of the first watch Guo Huai arrived, and his force joined up with the others. This done, the drums began to beat, and the city was quickly surrounded. However, the defenders maintained such a heavy discharge of arrows, bolts and stones from the walls that the besiegers dared not close in.

69 Suddenly from the midst of the Wei army came the roar of a bomb, soon followed by others from different places. The soldiers were startled, but no one could say whence the sounds had proceeded. Guo Huai went to search the wheat fields, and then the four armies from the corners of the city converged upon the Wei army. At the same time the defenders burst out of the city gates, and a great battle began. Wei lost many troops.

70 After heavy fighting Sima Yi extricated his army from the battle and made his way to a hill, which he set about holding and fortifying, while Guo Huai got round to the rear of the city and called a halt.

71 Zhuge Liang entered the city and sent his troops to camp again at the four corners of the walls.

72 Guo Huai went to see his chief, and said, "We have long been at grips with these soldiers and are unable to drive them off. We have now lost another fight. Unless something is done, we shall not get away at all."

73 "What can we do?" asked Sima Yi.

74 "You might write to Yongzhou and Liangzhou to send their forces to our help. I will try my fortune against Saber Pass and cut off Zhuge Liang's retreat and supplies. That should bring about discontent and mutiny, and we can attack when we see the enemy in confusion."

75 The letters were sent, and soon Sun Li came leading the troops of Yongzhou and Liangzhou, foot and horse, of two hundred thousand. The new arrivals were sent to help Guo Huai in the attack on Saber Pass.

76 After many days had passed without sight of the enemy, Zhuge Liang thought it was time to make another move.

77 Calling up Jiang Wei and Ma Dai, he said, "The soldiers of Wei are well posted on the hills and refuse battle because, firstly, they think that we are short of food, and, secondly, they have sent an army against Saber Pass to cut off our supplies. Now each of you will take ten thousand troops and garrison the important points about here to show them that we are well prepared to defend ourselves. Then they will retire."

78 After these two had gone, Yang Yi came to see Zhuge Liang about the change of troops then due.

79 Yang Yi said, "O Prime Minister, you have ordered the troops to be alternated every one hundred days. Now the time is due, and the replacing troops have already left Hanzhong and that dispatches from the leading divisions have come in. Here we have eighty thousand troops, of which forty will be due for relief."

80 "There is the order; carry it out," replied Zhuge Liang.

81 So the forty thousand home-going soldiers prepared to withdraw.

82 Just then came the news: "Sun Li has arrived with reinforcements of two hundred thousand troops from Yongzhou and Liangzhou. Guo Huai and Sun Li have gone to attack Saber Pass, and Sima Yi is leading an army against Lucheng."

83 In the face of such important news, Yang Yi went to discuss with Zhuge Liang.

84 Said Yang Yi, "The Wei army are advancing against our critical points. Should you, O Prime Minister, postpone for a time the withdrawal of the field troops in order to strengthen our defense? You can wait for the new troops to arrive first."

85 Zhuge Liang replied, "I must keep faith with the soldiers. Since the order for the periodical exchange of troops has been issued, it must be carried out. Beside, the soldiers due for relief are all prepared to start, their expectations have been roused and their relatives await them. In the face of yet greater difficulties I would still let them go."

86 So orders were given for the time-expired soldiers to march that day. But when the legionaries heard it, a sudden movement of generosity spread among them.




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