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Chapter 110-03 사마사의 죽음

  卻說魏殿中校尉尹大目,乃曹爽心腹之人;因爽被司馬懿謀殺,故事司馬師,常有殺師報爽之心;又素與文欽交厚;今見師眼瘤突出,不能動止,乃入帳告曰:「文欽本無反心,今被毋丘儉逼迫,以致如此。某去說之,必然來降。」師從之。大目頂盔貫甲,乘馬來趕文欽;看看趕上,乃高聲大叫曰:「文刺史見尹大目麼?」欽回頭視之,大目除盔放於鞍(左革右喬)之前,以鞭指曰:「文刺史何不忍耐數日也?」此是大目知師將亡,故來留欽。欽不解其意,厲聲大罵,便欲開弓射之。大目大哭而回。欽收聚人馬奔壽春時,已被諸葛誕引兵取了;卻復回項城時,胡遵、王基、鄧艾三路兵皆到。欽見勢危,遂投東吳孫峻去了。

  卻說毋丘儉在項城內,聽知壽春已失,文欽勢敗,城外三路兵到,儉遂盡撤城中之兵出戰。正與鄧艾相遇,儉令葛雍出馬,與艾交鋒,不一合,被艾一刀斬之,引兵殺過陣來。毋丘儉死戰相拒。江淮兵大亂。胡遵、王基引兵四面夾攻。毋丘儉敵不住,引十餘騎奪路而走。前至慎縣城下,縣令宋白,開門迎入,設席待之。儉大醉,被白令人殺了,將頭獻於魏兵。於是淮南平定。

  司馬師臥病不起,喚諸葛誕入帳,賜以印綬,加為征東大將軍,都督揚州諸路軍馬;一面班師回許昌。師目痛不止,每夜只見李豐、張緝、夏侯玄三人立於榻前。師心神恍惚,自料難保,遂令人往洛陽取司馬昭到。昭哭拜於床下。師遺言曰:「吾今權重,雖欲卸肩,不可得也。汝繼我為之,大事切不可輕託他人,自取滅族之禍。」言訖,以印綬付之,淚流滿面。昭正欲問時,師大叫一聲,眼睛迸出而死:時正元二年二月也。於是司馬昭發喪,申奏魏主曹髦。髦遣使持詔到許昌,即命暫留司馬昭屯軍許昌,以防東吳。昭心中猶豫未決。鍾會曰:「大將軍新亡,人心未定,將軍若留守於此,萬一朝廷有奱,悔之何及?」昭從之,即起兵還屯洛水之南。

  髦聞之大驚。太尉王肅奏曰:「昭既繼其兄掌大權,陛下可封爵以安之。」髦遂令王肅持詔,封司馬昭為大將軍錄尚書事。昭入朝謝恩畢。自此,中外大小事情,皆歸於昭。

  卻說西蜀細作,哨知此事,報入成都。姜維奏後主曰:「司馬師新亡,司馬昭初握重權,必不敢擅離洛陽。臣請乘間伐魏,以復中原。」後主從之,遂命姜維興師伐魏。維到漢中,整頓人馬。征西大將軍張翼曰:「蜀地淺狹,錢糧淺薄,不宜遠征;不如據險守分,恤軍愛民:此乃保國之計也。」維曰:「不然。昔丞相未出茅廬,已定三分天下,然其六出祁山以圖中原;不幸半途而喪,以致功業未成。今吾既受丞相遺命,當盡忠報國以繼其志,雖死而無恨也。今魏有隙可乘,不就此時伐之,更待何時?」夏侯霸曰:「將軍之言是也。可將輕騎先出枹罕。若得洮西、南安,則諸郡可定。」張翼曰:「向者不克而還,皆因軍出甚遲也。兵法云:『攻其無備,出其不意。』今若火速進兵,使魏人不能提防,必然全勝矣。」

  於是姜維引兵五萬,望枹罕進發。兵至洮水,守邊軍士報知雍州刺史王經、副將軍陳泰。王經先起馬步兵七萬來迎。姜維吩咐張翼如此如此,又吩咐夏侯霸如此如此:二人領計去了,維乃自引大軍背洮水列陣。王經引數員牙將出而問曰:「魏與吳、蜀,己成鼎足之勢.汝累次入寇,何也?」維曰:「司馬師無故廢主,鄰邦理宜問罪,何況讎敵之國乎?」


60 Now Commander Yin Damu had accompanied Sima Shi on his expedition, but was no friend of his. He had been of the Cao Shuang's party and bitterly resented the death of his patron. He was watching for a chance to avenge him. Seeing that Sima Shi was ill, he thought to secure his end by making friends with Wen Qin.

61 So he went in to see the sick Sima Shi, and said, "Wen Qin had no sincere intention to rebel, but was led astray by Guanqiu Jian. If you will let me go and speak with him, he will come over to you at once."

62 Sima Shi said he might go to try, and Yin Damu put on his armor and rode after Wen Qin. By and by he got near enough to shout.

63 "Do you not recognize me? I am Yin Damu."

64 Wen Qin stopped and looked back.

65 Yin Damu removed his helmet that his face might be clearly seen, and said, "O Imperial Protector, why can you not bear up for a few days?"

66 Yin Damu implied that Sima Shi was very near death, and he wished Wen Qin to remain at hand. But Wen Qin did not understand. He abused Yin Damu and even threatened that the bowmen should shoot, and Yin Damu could only sorrowfully turn away.

67 When Wen Qin reached Shouchun and found it occupied by Zhuge Dan, he tried for Xiangcheng. But three armies under Hu Zun, Wang Ji, and Deng Ai came up and attacked at once so that it seemed impossible that his army could hold out long. So he decided to flee to Wu and serve Sun Jun.

68 Guanqiu Jian, then behind the walls of Xiangcheng, heard that Shouchun had fallen, that his fellow-conspirator Wen Qin had failed and, with three armies against his city, knew that his case was desperate. He mustered all the forces in the city and marched out to try his fortune.

69 As he went forth, he fell in with Deng Ai. He bade Ge Yong go out to fight, but Ge Yong fell in the first encounter, cut down by Deng Ai himself. The enemy came on in force. Guanqiu Jian fought gallantly, but his army fell into confusion. Then two other armies under Wang Ji and Hu Zun came up, and he was completely surrounded. Nothing could be done, and he fled from the field with a dozen riders and made for Shenxian.

70 Here Governor Song Bai received him kindly and comforted him with a feast. At the banquet Guanqiu Jian drowned his sorrows in the wine cup till he was helpless, when he was slain by his host. His head was sent to the Wei army as proof of his death, and the rising came to an end. Peace was restored in the South of River Huai.

71 Sima Shi grew worse. Recovery being hopeless, he called Zhuge Dan to his tent and gave him a seal and conferred upon him the title of General Who Conquers the East, with command of all the forces in Yangzhou, and soon after the army marched back to Xuchang.

72 The sick man began to have visions. Night after night he was troubled by the apparitions of the three courtiers---Zhang Qi, Li Feng, and Xiahou Xuan---he had put to death, and he knew that his end was near. He sent for his brother, Sima Zhao, who came and wept by his couch while he listened to his elder brother's last commands.

73 Said Sima Shi, "The responsibility of power is heavy, but we must bear it: There is no possible relief. You must continue my plans and maintain my policy yourself, and you must be exceedingly careful how you entrust any other with power, lest you bring about the destruction of our whole clan."

74 Then Sima Shi handed the seal of office to Sima Zhao, weeping the while. Sima Zhao would ask some questions still, but with a deep groan as his eye popped out Sima Shi died. It was the second month of the second year of Right Origin (AD 256).

75 Sima Zhao put on mourning for his brother and informed the Ruler of Wei, Cao Mao, of the death. By special edict Sima Zhao was ordered to remain at Xuchang so as to guard against any attack from Wu. This order was unpleasing to its recipient, but he felt doubtful what to do.

76 Sima Zhao took counsel with Zhong Hui, who said, "The death of your brother has disturbed the country. If you remain here, some shifting of power at the capital will surely work to your disadvantage. It will be too late for regrets then."

77 Wherefore Sima Zhao left Xuchang and camped on River Luo. This move alarmed Cao Mao.

78 Then Grand Commander Wang Su advised, saying, "Sima Zhao has succeeded the office of his late brother. It is well that Your Majesty should placate him with a new title."

79 So Cao Mao sent Wang Su with an edict creating Sima Zhao Regent Marshal, with control of the Secretariat. Sima Zhao came to Luoyang to thank the Emperor for these honors and stayed. Henceforward all matters and the whole government were under Sima Zhao's hand.

80 When news of these things came to Chengdu, Jiang Wei thought the time had come to make another bid for the empire, so he wrote a memorial to the Latter Ruler:

81 "Sima Shi having just died, his brother, Sima Zhao, who succeeds, will be unable to leave Luoyang until he has consolidated his position. Wherefore I crave permission to attack Wei."

82 The Latter Ruler agreed and bade him raise an army. So he went into Hanzhong to prepare for the expedition.

83 However, Zhang Yi, General Who Conquers the West, was opposed to the expedition and said, "Shu is not a big country, and its resources are not too abundant. Thus a far expedition should be avoided. The state policy should rather be the improvement of conditions at home. Thinking well for the soldiers and the people is the way to preserve the country."

84 "You are mistaken," said Jiang Wei. "Before our great Minister Zhuge Liang emerged from his reed hut in the wilds and undertook the affairs of a state, the three kingdoms were already a fact. Six times he led armies to try to gain the northern portion of the empire, but failed to attain his desire. Unhappily he died leaving his design unaccomplished. But he bequeathed to me the legacy of his intention, and I must be a loyal and worthy executor. If I die in the attempt, I will perish without regret. Now is our opportunity, and if we miss it, shall we find a better?"

85 "What you say is the real truth," said Xiahou Ba. "Let us send first some light horse out by Baohan to capture Nanan and thereby settle that county."

86 Then said Zhang Yi, "Procrastination and delay have been hitherto the causes of our failure. We ought to obey the precepts of the books of war, strike where the enemy is unprepared and appear where he does not expect us. A rapid march and a sudden blow will find Wei unready, and we shall succeed."

87 So Jiang Wei led an army of fifty thousand troops out by Baohan. When he reached River Yao, the spies reported his arrival to Wang Jing, Imperial Protector of Yongzhou, who led out seventy thousand troops against him. Jiang Wei gave certain orders to Zhang Yi and Xiahou Ba, and after they had marched, he drew up the main body by River Yao.

88 Wang Jing rode out to parley.

89 "Wu, Shu, and Wei are now actually established as a tripod. Why then have you invaded our borders these many times?"

90 Jiang Wei replied, "Because Sima Shi deposed his prince without cause, and it behooves the neighboring countries to punish such a crime. Moreover, your country is a rival state."



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