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Chapter 112-02 다섯번째 좌절

  是夜二更時分,蔣焦二人踰城降魏,司馬昭重用之;因此城中雖有敢戰之士,不敢言戰。誕在城中見魏兵四下築起土城,以防淮水,只望水泛衝倒土城,驅兵擊之。不想自秋至冬,並無霖雨,淮水不泛。城中看看糧盡,文欽在小城內與二子堅守,見軍士漸漸餓倒,只得來告誕曰:「糧草盡絕,軍士餓損,不如將北方之兵盡放出城,以省其食。」誕大怒曰:「汝教我盡去北軍,欲謀我耶!」叱推出斬之。

  文鴦、文虎見父被殺,各拔短刀,立殺數十人,飛身上城,一躍而下,越壕赴魏寨投降。司馬昭恨文鴦昔日單騎退兵之讎,欲斬之。鍾會諫曰:「罪在文欽,今文欽已亡,二子勢窮來歸,若殺降將,是堅城內人之心也。」昭從之,遂召文鴦、文虎入帳,用好言撫慰,賜駿馬錦衣,加為偏將軍,封關內侯。二子拜謝上馬,遶城大叫曰:「我二人蒙大將軍赦罪賜爵,汝等何不早降!」城內人聞言,皆計議曰:「文鴦乃司馬氏讎人,尚且重用,何況我等乎?」於是皆欲投降。諸葛誕聞之大怒,日夜自來尋城,以殺為威。鐘會知城中人心已變,乃入帳告昭曰:「可乘此時攻城矣。」

  昭大喜,遂激三軍四面雲集,一齊攻打。守將曾宣獻了北門,放魏兵入城。誕知魏兵已入,慌引麾數百人,自城中小路突出,至吊橋邊,正撞著胡遵,手起刀落,斬誕於馬下,數百人皆被縛。王基引兵殺到西門,正遇吳將于詮。基大喝曰:「何不早降!」詮大怒曰:「受命而出,為人救難,既不能救,又降他人,義所不為也!」乃擲盔於地,大呼曰:「人生在世,得死於戰場者,幸耳!」急揮刀死戰三十餘合,人困馬乏,為亂軍所殺。後人有詩讚曰:

  司馬當年圍壽春,降兵無數拜車塵。東吳雖有英雄士,誰及于詮肯殺身?

  司馬昭入壽春,將諸葛誕老小盡皆梟首,滅其三族。武士將所擒諸葛誕部卒數百人縛至。昭曰:「汝等降否?」眾皆大叫曰:「願與諸葛公同死,決不降汝!」昭大怒,叱武士盡搏於城外,逐一問曰:「降者免死。」並無一人言降。直殺至盡,終無一人降者。昭深加嘆息不已,令皆埋之。後人有師嘆曰:

  忠君矢志不偷生:諸葛公休帳下兵。露歌聲應未斷,遺蹤直欲繼田橫。

  卻說吳兵大半降魏,斐秀告司馬昭曰:「吳兵老小,盡在東南江、淮之地,今若留之,久必為變,不如坑之。」鍾會曰:「不然;古之用兵者,全國為上,戳其元惡而已。若盡坑之,是不仁也。不如放歸江南,以顯中國之寬大。」昭曰:「此妙論也。」遂將吳兵盡皆放歸本國。唐咨因懼孫琳,不敢回國,亦來投魏。昭皆重用,令分部三河之地。淮南已平。正欲退兵,忽報西蜀姜維引兵來取長城,邀截糧草。昭大驚,與多官計議退兵之策。


30 That night Jiang Ban and Jiao Yi slipped over the wall and surrendered. Both were given employment.

31 Of those left in the city some were for fighting, but no one dared say so.

32 Meanwhile Zhuge Dan saw the Wei troops build earth walls to anticipate the expected floods of River Huai. This flood had been the only hope of Zhuge Dan, who had trusted to be able to smite the besiegers when it came to destroy the earth wall. However, that autumn was dry, and the river did not swell.

33 Within the besieged city the food diminished rapidly, and soon starvation stared them in the face. Wen Qin and his sons were defending the citadel, and they saw their soldiers sinking one by one for lack of food till the sight became unbearable.

34 Wen Qin went to Zhuge Dan with a proposal, saying, "The northern troops should be sent away in order to save food."

35 His suggestion called forth an outburst of fierce wrath of Zhuge Dan.

36 "Do you want to kill me that you propose to send the northern soldiers away?"

37 Wen Qin suffered death. His two sons, Wen Yang and Wen Hu, ran amok with rage. Armed with short swords, they attacked all they met and slew many scores in their desperate anger. The fit over, they dropped down the wall and deserted to the Wei camp.

38 However, Sima Zhao had not forgotten that Wen Yang had defied and held at bay his whole army once. At first Sima Zhao thought to put Wen Yang to death, but Zhong Hui interposed.

39 "The real offender was his father, Wen Qin," said Zhong Hui, "but he is dead, and these two come to you in desperation. If you slay those who surrender, you will strengthen the obstinacy of those who remain in the city."

40 There was reason in this, and so their submission was accepted. They were led to Sima Zhao's tent, and he soothed them with kind words and gave them gifts and lordships, and made them Generals.

41 After expressing their gratitude, they rode about the city on the horses he had given them, shouting, "We have received great kindness at the hands of Sima Zhao, who not only has pardoned us but given us gifts. Why do you not all yield?"

42 When their companions heard this, they said one to another. "This Wen Yang was an enemy, and yet he has been well received. How much more may we expect generous treatment?"

43 The desire to surrender possessed them all. When Zhuge Dan heard it, he was incensed and went round the posts night and day on the watch for any who seemed inclined to go. He put many to death in these efforts to retain his authority.

44 Zhong Hui heard how things were going in the city and went in to Sima Zhao to say the moment to attack had come. Sima Zhao was only too pleased. He stimulated his troops, and they flocked to the ramparts and assaulted vigorously. Then the commander of the north gate, Zeng Xuan, treacherously opened the gate and let in the Wei soldiers.

45 When Zhuge Dan heard that the enemy were in the city, he called his guards and tried to escape. He took his way along the smaller streets to the gate, but on the drawbridge he met Hu Fen, who cut him down. His followers were made prisoners.

46 Wang Ji fought his way to the west gate, where he fell in with the Wu general, Yu Quan.

47 "Why do you not yield?" shouted Wang Ji.

48 "Where is the principle for yielding when I have my orders to rescue the city and so far have not succeeded?" Throwing off his helmet, he cried, "The happiest death a man can die is on the battlefield!"

49 Whirling his sword about, Yu Quan dashed among his enemies and fought till he fell under many wounds.

50 Many were they who yielded at Shouchun, 
Bowing their heads in the dust before Sima Zhao. 
Wu had produced its heroes, 
Yet none were faithful to the death like Yu Quan.

51 When Sima Zhao entered the city, he put to death the whole family of Zhuge Dan. Some of his guards fell into the hands of Sima Zhao alive, and he offered them their lives if they would yield.

52 They all refused, saying, "We would rather share the fate of our leader."

53 They were sent out of the city to be beheaded, but orders were given to offer each one his life at the last moment. Thus, before a person was about to receive the fatal blow, that one was asked to yield. Not one accepted, and they all died. In admiration for their fortitude, they were honorably interred by order of Sima Zhao.

54 The loyal servant flees not in the day of disaster; 
Such were they who followed Zhuge Dan to the shades. 
Ever and again begins the Song of Life's Brevity. 
Faithful unto death were they, even as Tian Heng's people.

55 As has been said, many of the troops of Wu surrendered.

56 Then said Pei Xiu, "The parents and children of these soldiers are living all over River Huai. If you spare them and they return home, they will foment rebellion by and by. The best way is to bury them."

57 But Zhong Hui said, "No. When the ancients made war, their policy was to maintain the state as a whole, and so they only put to death the originators of trouble. It would be inhumane to slay all. Rather let them return home as witnesses to your liberal policy."

58 "That is better advice," said Sima Zhao. So the soldiers of Wu were released and allowed to return home.

59 Tang Zi dared not return to his own place in Wu for fear of the cruel Sun Chen, so he went over to Wei, taking his company with him. He was well received, and his people were employed over the counties of the three rivers.

60 The country about River Huai being now quiet, Sima Zhao decided to march homeward.

61 Just then the news came: "Jiang Wei, the Shu General, is attacking Changcheng and interfering with the supplies."

62 And so a council was called to discuss this matter.




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