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Chapter 118-02 촉한의 멸망

　　時鄧艾每日令數百鐵騎來成都哨探。當日見立了降旗，艾大喜。不一時，張紹等至，艾令人迎入。三人拜伏於階下，呈上降款玉璽。艾拆降書視之，大喜，受下玉璽，重待張紹、譙周、鄧良等。艾作回書，付三人齎回成都，以安人心。三人拜辭鄧艾，逕還成都，入見後主，呈上回書，細言鄧艾相待之善。後主拆封視之，大喜，即遣太僕蔣顯齎敕令姜維早降；遣尚書郎李虎，送文簿與艾。共戶二十八萬，男女九十四萬，帶甲將士十萬二千，官吏四萬，倉糧四十餘萬，金銀三千斤，錦綺絲絹各二十萬疋。餘物在庫，不及具載。擇十二月初一日，君臣出降。

　　北地王劉諶聞知，怒氣沖天，帶劍入宮。其妻崔夫人問曰：「大王今日顏色異常，何也？」諶曰：「魏兵將近，父皇已納降款，明日君臣出降，社稷從此殄滅。吾欲先死以見先帝於地下，不屈膝於他人也！」崔夫人曰：「賢哉！賢哉！得其死矣！妾請先死，王死未遲。」諶曰：「汝何死耶？」崔夫人曰：「王死父，妾死夫，其義同也。夫亡妻死，何必問焉？」言訖，觸柱而死。諶乃自殺其三子，並割妻頭，提至昭烈廟中，伏地哭曰：「臣羞見基業棄於他人，故先殺妻子，以絕罣念，後將一命報祖！祖如有靈，知孫之心！」大哭一場，眼中流血，自刎而死。蜀人聞之，無不哀痛。後人有詩讚曰：

君臣甘屈膝，一子獨悲傷。
去矣西川事，雄哉北地王！
殞身酬烈祖，搔首泣穹蒼。
凜凜人如在，誰云漢已亡。

　　後主聽北地王自刎，乃令人葬之。次日，魏兵大至。後主率太子諸王，及群臣六十餘人，面縛輿櫬，出北門十里而降。鄧艾扶起後主，親解其縛，焚其輿櫬，並車入城。後人有詩歎曰：

魏兵數萬入川來，後主偷生失自裁。
黃皓終存欺國意，姜維空負濟時才。
全忠義士心何烈，守節王孫志可哀。
昭烈經營良不易，一朝功業頓成灰。

　　於是成都之人，皆具香花迎接。艾拜後主為驃騎將軍，其餘文武各隨高下拜官，請後主還宮，出榜安民，交割倉庫，又令太常張峻、益州別駕張紹，招安各郡軍民。又令人說姜維歸降。一面遣人赴洛陽報捷。艾聞黃皓奸險，欲斬之。皓用金寶賂其左右，因此得免。自是漢亡。後人因漢之亡，有追思武侯詩曰：

猿鳥猶知畏簡書，風雲應為護儲胥。
徒勞上將揮神筆，終見降王走傳車。
管樂有才真不忝，關張無命欲何如？
他年錦里經祠廟，梁父吟成恨有餘！

　　且說太僕蔣顯到劍閣入見姜維，傳後主敕命，言歸降之事。維大驚失語。帳下眾將聽知，一齊怨恨，咬牙怒目，鬚髮倒豎，拔刀砍石大呼曰：「吾等死戰，何故先降耶！」號哭之4，聞數十里。


20 Every day Deng Ai's horsemen rode to the city to see what was afoot. It was a glad day when they returned reporting the hoisting of the flag of surrender. The general had not long to wait. The three messengers soon arrived and presented the letter announcing surrender and the seal therewith. Deng Ai read the letter with great exultation, and took possession of the seal. He treated the envoys courteously, and by their hands sent back a letter to allay any anxiety among the people. In due time they reentered the city and bore this missive to the Latter Ruler, and they told him they had been treated well. The Latter Ruler read the letter with much satisfaction. Then he sent Minister Jiang Xian to order Jiang Wei to surrender.

21 Then Li Hu, Chair of the Secretariat, carried to the victorious Deng Ai the statistical documents of the resources of the kingdom:

22 2,800,000 households, 9,140,000 souls, 102,000 active armed soldiers of all ranks, and 40,000 civil employees. Besides, there were granaries with 4,000,000 carts of grain, treasuries with 3,000 pounds of gold and silver and 200,000 rolls of silks of many qualities, and many unenumerated but precious things in the various storehouses.

23 Li Hu arranged that the ceremony of surrender should take place on the first day of the twelfth month.

24 The wrath of Prince Liu Chan swelled high as heaven when he heard that his father had actually arranged the date of his abdication.
25 Girding on his sword, he was setting out for the Palace when his Consort, Lady Cui, stopped him, saying, "My Prince, why does your face bear this look of terrible anger?"

26 He replied, "The army of Wei is at the gates, and my father has made his Act of Surrender. Tomorrow he and all his ministers are going out of the city to submit formally, and the dynasty will end. But rather than bow the knee to another, I will die and go into the presence of the First Ruler in the realms below."

27 "How worthy; how worthy!" replied she. "And if my lord must die, I, thy handmaid, prays that she may die first. Then may my Prince depart."

28 "But why should you die?"

29 "The Prince dies for his father and the handmaid for her husband. One eternal principle guides us all."
30 Thereupon she dashed herself against a pillar, and so she died. Then Liu Chan slew his three sons and cut off the head of his Consort that he might sever all ties to life lest he be tempted to live. Bearing the head of the princess in his hand, he went to the Temple of the First Ruler, where he bowed his head, saying, "Thy servant is ashamed at seeing the kingdom pass to another. Therefore has he slain his Consort and his sons that nothing should induce him to live and forego death."

31 This announcement recited, he made yet another to his ancestors.

32 "My ancestors, if you have spiritual intelligence, you know the feelings of your descendant."

33 Then he wept sore till his eyes ran blood, and he committed suicide. The people of Shu grieved deeply for him, and a poet has praised his noble deed.

34 Both king and courtiers, willing, bowed the knee, 
One son alone was grieved and would not live. 
The western kingdom fell to rise no more, 
A noble prince stood forth, for aye renowned 
As one who died to save his forbears' shame. 
With grievous mien and falling tears he bowed 
His head, declaring his intent to die. 
While such a memory lingers none may say 
That the Han Dynasty has perished.

35 When the Latter Ruler knew of the death of his son, he sent people to bury him.

36 Soon the main body of the Wei army came. The Latter Ruler and all his courtiers to the number of sixty went out three miles from the north gate to bow their heads in submission, the Latter Ruler binding himself with cord and taking a coffin with him. But Deng Ai with his own hands loosened the bonds and raised the Latter Ruler from the ground. The coffin was burned. Then the victorious leader and the vanquished Emperor returned into the city side by side.

37 Wei's legions entered Shu, 
And the ruler thereof saved his life 
At the price of his honor and his throne. 
Huang Hao's vicious counsels had brought disaster 
Against which Jiang Wei's efforts were vain. 
How bright shone the loyalty of the faithful one! 
How noble was the grandson of the First Ruler! 
Alas! It led him into the way of sorrow. 
And the plans of the First Ruler, 
Excellent and far-reaching. 
Whereby he laid the foundations of a mighty state, 
Were brought to nought in one day.

38 The common people rejoiced at the magnanimity of Deng Ai, and met the returning cavalcade with burning incense and flowers. The title of General of the Flying Cavalry was given to the Latter Ruler and other ranks were given to the ministers who had surrendered.

39 Deng Ai requested the Latter Ruler to issue one more proclamation from the Palace to reassure the people, and then the conquerors took formal possession of the state and its granaries and storehouses. Two officers---Governor of Yizhou Zhang Shao and Minister Zhang Jung---were sent into the counties and territories to explain the new situation and pacify malcontents, and another messenger was sent to exhort Jiang Wei to yield peaceably. A report of the success was sent to Capital Luoyang.

40 Huang Hao, the eunuch whose evil counsels had wrought such ruin to his master, was looked upon as a danger, and Deng Ai decided to put him to death. However, Huang Hao was rich, and he gave bribes to Deng Ai's people, and so he escaped the death penalty.

41 Thus perished the House of Han. Reflecting on its end a poet recalled the exploits of Zhuge Liang the Martial Lord, and he wrote a poem.

42 The denizens of tree-tops, apes and birds, 
Most lawless of crested things, yet knew 
And feared his mordant pen. The clouds and winds 
Conspired to aid him to defend his lord. 
But nought awaited the leader's precepts, wise 
To save; with base content the erstwhile king 
Too soon surrendered, yielding all but life. 
In gifts Zhuge Liang was peer with 
Guan Zhong and Yue Yi, 
His hapless death compared with 
Zhang Fei's and Guan Yu's; 
Sad sight, his temple on the river's brink! 
It wrings the heart more than the tearful verse 
Of the Liangfu songs he most loved.

43 In due time Minister Jiang Xian reached the Saber Pass, and gave Jiang Wei the Latter Ruler's command to surrender to the invaders. Jiang Wei was dumb with amazement at the order; his officers ground their teeth with rage and mortification. Their hair stood on end with anger; they drew their swords and slashed at stones in their wrath.

44 Shouted they, "While we are fighting to our death, the Latter Ruler has yielded!"

45 The roar of their angry lamentation was heard for miles.

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