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Chapter 120-01 삼분천하는 한바탕 꿈으로

    第百二十回 薦杜預老將獻新謀 降孫皓三分歸一統 
Recommending Du Yu, An Old General Offers New Plans;
Capturing Of Sun Hao, Three Kingdoms Becomes One.

  卻說吳主孫休,聞司馬炎已篡魏,知其必將伐吳,憂慮成疾,臥床不起,乃召丞相濮陽興入宮中,令太子孫出拜。吳主把興臂,手指而卒。興出與群臣商議,欲立太子孫為君。左典軍萬彧曰:「幼不能專政,不若取烏程侯孫皓立之。」左將軍張布亦曰:「皓才識明斷,堪為帝王。丞相濮陽興不能決,入奏朱太后。太后曰:「吾寡婦人耳,定知社稷之事?卿等斟酌立之,可也。」

  興遂迎皓為君。皓字元宗,大帝孫權太子孫和之子也。當年七月,即皇帝位,改元為元興元年,封孫為豫章王,追諡父和為文皇帝,尊母何氏為太后,加丁奉為左右大司馬。次年改為甘露元年。皓凶暴日甚,酷溺酒色,寵幸中常侍岑昏。濮陽興,張布諫之,皓怒斬二人,滅其三族。由是廷臣緘口,不敢再諫。又改寶鼎元年,以陸凱、萬彧為左右丞相。時皓居武昌,揚州百姓泝流供給,甚苦之;又奢侈無度,公私匱乏。陸凱上疏諫曰:

今無災而民命盡,無為而國財空,臣竊痛之。昔漢室既衰,三家鼎立;今曹、劉失道,皆為晉有:此目前之明驗也。臣愚但為陛下惜國家耳。武昌土城險瘠,非王者之都,且童謠云:「寧飲建業水,不食武昌魚。寧還建業死,不止武昌居。」此足明民心與天意也。今國無一年之蓄,有露根之漸;官吏為苛擾,莫之或恤。大帝時,後宮女不滿百;景帝以來,乃有千數;此耗財之甚者也。又左右皆非其人,群黨相挾,害忠隱賢,此皆蠹政病民者也。願陛下省百役,罷苛擾,簡出宮女,清選百官,則天悅民附而國安矣。

  疏奏,皓不悅,又大興土木,作昭明宮,令文武各官入山採木;又召術士尚廣,令筮蓍問取天下之事。尚對曰:「陛下筮得吉兆,庚子歲青蓋,當入洛陽。」皓大喜,謂中書丞華覈曰:「先帝納卿之言,分頭命將,沿江一帶,屯數百營,命老將丁奉總之。朕欲兼并漢土,以為蜀主復讎,當取何地為先?」覈諫曰:「今成都不守,社稷傾崩,司馬炎必有吞吳之心。陛下宜修德以安吳民,乃為上計。若強動兵甲,正猶披麻救火,必致自焚也。願陛下察之。」皓大怒曰:「朕欲乘時恢復舊業,汝出此不利之言,若不看汝舊臣之面,斬首號令!」叱武士推出殿門。華覈出朝歎曰:「可惜錦繡江山,不久屬於他人矣!」遂隱居不出。於是皓令鎮東將軍陸抗部兵屯江口,以圖襄陽。

  早有消息報入洛陽。近臣報知晉主司馬炎,晉主聞陸抗寇襄陽,與眾官商議。賈充出班奏曰:「臣聞吳國孫皓,不修德政,專行無道。陛下可詔都督羊祜率兵拒之,俟其國中有變,乘勢攻取,東吳反掌可得也。」炎大喜,即降詔遣使到襄陽,宣諭羊祜。祜奉詔,整點軍馬,預備迎敵。自是羊祜鎮守襄陽,甚得軍民之心。吳人有降而欲去者,皆聽之。減戍邏之卒,用以墾田八百餘頃。其初到時,軍無百日之糧。及至來年,軍中有十年之積。祜在軍,嘗著輕裘,繫寬帶,不披鎧甲,帳前侍衛者不過十餘人。


1 When Sun Xiu, the Ruler of Wu, knew that the House of Wei had fallen before the Jins, he also knew that the usurper's next thought would be the conquest of his own land. The anxiety made him ill, so that he took to his bed and was like to die. He then summoned to his bedside his Prime Minister, Puyang Xing, and his heir, Sun Wan. But they two came almost too late. The dying Ruler, with his last effort, took the Minister by the hand, but could only point to his son. Then he died.

2 Puyang Xing left the couch and called a meeting of the officers, whereat he proposed to place the heir on his father's throne.

3 Then Wan Yu, Inspector of the Left Army, rose and said, "Prince Sun Wan is too youthful to rule in such troublous times. Let us confer the throne to Sun Hao, Lord of Wucheng."

4 Zhang Bu, General of the Left Army, supported his election, saying, "Sun Hao is able and prompt in decision. He can handle the responsibilities of an emperor."

5 However, Puyang Xing was doubtful and consulted the Empress Dowager.

6 "Settle this with the officials;" she replied, "I am a widow and know nothing of such matters."

7 Finally Sun Hao won the day, and in the seventh month he was enthroned as Emperor of Wu, and the first year of his reign was Prosperous Beginning (AD 264). Sun Hao was the son of Sun He, a former Heir Apparent, and grandson of Sun Quan the Great Emperor. The excluded prince, Sun Wan, was consoled with the title of Prince of Yuzhang. Posthumous rank was given to his late father, Sun He the Scholar Emperor, and his mother, Lady He, the Scholar Empress. The Veteran Leader Ding Feng was made Commander of the Right and Left Armies.

8 However, the year-style was changed to Sweet Dew the very next year. The new ruler soon proved himself cruel and oppressive and day by day grew more so. Sun Hao indulged in every form of vice and chose Eunuch Cen Hun as his confidant and favorite. When Prime Minister Puyang Xing and General Zhang Bu ventured upon remonstrance, both, with all their family, were put to death. Thereafter none dared to speak; the mouth of every courtier was shut tight.

9 Another year-style, Treasured Paramount, was adopted the next year (266), and the responsibility of the Prime Minister's office was shared by two officers, Lu Kuai the Left and Wan Yu the Right.

10 At this time the imperial residence was in Wuchang. The people of Yangzhou shouldered heavy tribute and suffered exceedingly. There was no limit to the Ruler's extravagance. The treasury was swept clean, and the income of the royal domain exhausted.

11 At length Lu Kuai, Left Prime Minister, ventured a memorial, saying:

12 "No natural calamity has fallen upon the people, yet they starve; no public work is in progress, yet the treasury is empty. I am distressed. The country under the Hans has fallen apart and three states have arisen therefrom. Those ruled by the Caos and the Lius, as the result of their own folly, have been lost in Jin. Foolish I may be, but I would protect the state for Your Majesty against the evils we have seen in the other divisions. This city of Wuchang is not safe as a royal residence. There is a rhyme concerning it, the gist of which is that it is better to drink the water of Jianye than eat the fish of Wuchang, better to die in Jianye than to live in Wuchang. This shows the regard of the people as well as the will of Heaven. Now the public storehouses are nearly empty; they contain insufficient for a year's use. The officers of all grades vex and distress the people and none pity them.

13 "In former times the Palace women numbered less than a hundred; for years past they have exceeded a thousand. This is an extravagant waste of treasure. The courtiers render no disinterested service, but are split into cliques and cabals. The honest are injured, and the good driven away. All these things undermine the state and weaken the people. I beg Your Majesty to reduce the number of officers and remove grievances, to dismiss the Palace women and select honest officers, to the joy of the people and the tranquillity of the state."

14 But the Ruler of Wu was displeased, threw the memorial away, and showed his contempt for the Minister's remonstrance by beginning to collect material for the building of a new palace complex to be called the Reflected Light Palace. He even made the officers of the court go into the forest to fell trees for the work.

15 The Ruler of Wu called in the soothsayer Shang Guang and bade him take the cast and inquire as to the attainment of empire.

16 Shang Guang cast a lot and replied, "All is propitious, and in the year of the 'mouse' your blue umbrella will enter Luoyang!"

17 And Sun Hao was pleased.

18 He said to Minister Hua Jiao, "The former Rulers listened to your words and sent generals to various points and placed defensive camps along the rivers. And over all these was set Ding Feng. Now my desire is to conquer Han and avenge the wrongs of my brother, the Ruler of Shu. What place should be first conquered?"

19 Hua Jiao replied, "Now that Chengdu has fallen and the Throne there been overturned, Sima Yan will assuredly desire to absorb this southern land. Your Majesty should display virtue and restore confidence to your people. That would be the best plan. If you engage in war, it will be like throwing on hemp to put out a fire---the hemp only adds to the blaze. This is worthy of careful consideration."

20 But Sun Hao grew angry and said, "I desire to take this opportunity to return to my real heritage. Why do you employ this ill-omened language? Were it not for your long service, now would I slay you and expose your head as a warning."

21 He bade the lictors hustle Minister Hua Jiao from his presence, and Hua Jiao left the court.

22 "It is pitiful," said Hua Jiao. "Ere long our silky, beautiful country will pass to another!"

23 So Hua Jiao retired.

24 And the Ruler of Wu ordered Lu Kang, General Who Guards the East, to camp his army at Jiangkou in order to attack Xiangyang.

25 Spies reported this in Luoyang, and it was told the Ruler of Jin. When Sima Yan heard that the army of Wu threatened to invade Xiangyang, he called a council.

26 Jia Chong stood forth, saying, "I hear the government of Wu, under its present ruler, Sun Hao, is devoid of virtue, and the Ruler of Wu has turned aside out of the road. Your Majesty should send Commander Yang Hu to oppose this army. When internal trouble shall arise, let him attack, and victory will then be easy."

27 The Ruler of Jin issued an edict ordering Yang Hu to prepare, and so he mustered his troops and set himself to guard the county.

28 Yang Hu became very popular in Xiangyang. Any of the soldiers of Wu who desired to desert to the other side were allowed to come over. He employed only the fewest possible troops on patrol duty. Instead he set his soldiers to till the soil, and they cultivated an extensive area, whereby the hundred days supplies with which they set out were soon increased to enough for ten years.

29 Yang Hu maintained great simplicity, wearing the lightest of garments and no armor. His personal escort and servants numbered only about ten.




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