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Chapter 094-01 돌아온 사마중달

    第九十四回 諸葛亮乘雪破羌兵 司馬懿勀日擒孟達 （『勀』以寸代力）

Zhuge Liang Defeats The Qiangs In A Snowstorm;
Sima Yi Captures Meng Da By A Rapid March.

　　卻說郭淮謂曹真曰：「西羌之人，自太祖時連年入貢，文皇帝亦有恩惠加之；我等今可據住險阻，遣人從小路直入羌中求救，許以和親，羌人必起兵襲蜀之後。吾卻以大兵擊之，首尾夾攻，豈不大勝？」真從之，即遣人星夜馳書赴羌。

　　卻說西羌國王徹里吉，自曹操時年年入貢；手下有一文一武：文乃雅丹丞相，武乃越吉元師。時魏使齎金珠并書到國，先來見雅丹丞相；送了禮物，具言求救之意。雅丹引見國王，呈上書禮。徹里吉覽了書，興眾商議。雅丹曰：「我與魏國素相往來，今曹都督求救，且許和親，理合依允。」徹里吉從其言，即命雅丹與越吉元帥起羌兵一十五萬，皆慣使弓弩、鎗刀、蒺藜、飛鎚等器；又有戰車，用鐵葉裏釘，裝載糧食軍器什物：或用駱駝駕車，或用騾馬駕車，號為「鐵車兵」。二人辭了國王，領兵直扣西平關。守關蜀將韓禎，急差人齎文報知孔明。孔明聞報，問眾將曰：「誰敢去退羌兵？」張苞、關興應曰：「某等願往。」孔明曰：「汝二人要去，奈路途不熟。」遂喚馬岱曰：「汝素知羌人之性，久居彼處，可作鄉導。」便起精兵五萬，與興、苞二人同往。興、苞等引兵而去。行有數日，早遇羌兵。關興先引百餘騎，登山坡看時，只見羌兵把鐵車首尾相連，隨處結寨；車上遍排兵器，就似城池一般。興睹之良久，無破敵之策，回寨與張苞、馬岱商議。岱曰：「且待來日見陣，觀看虛實，另作計議。」次早，分兵三路：關興在中，張苞在左，馬岱在右，三路兵齊進。羌兵陣裏，越吉元帥手挽鐵鎚，腰懸寶雕弓，躍馬奮勇而出。關興招三路兵逕進。忽見羌兵在兩邊，中央放出鐵車，如潮湧一般，弓弩一齊驟發。蜀兵大敗。馬岱、張苞兩軍先退；關興一軍，被羌兵一裹，直圍入西北角上去了。

　　興在垓心，左衝右突，不能得脫；鐵車密圍，就如城池。蜀兵你我不能相顧。興望山谷中尋路走。看看天晚，但見一簇皂旗，蜂擁而來：一員羌將，手提鐵鎚大叫曰：「小將休走！吾乃越吉元帥也！」關興急走到前面，儘力縱馬加鞭，正邁斷澗，只得回馬來戰越吉。興終是膽寒，抵敵不住，望澗中而逃；被越吉趕到，一鐵鎚打來，興急閃過，正中馬胯。那馬望澗中便倒，興落於水中。忽聽得一聲響處，背後越吉連人帶馬，平白地倒下水來。興就水中掙起看時，只見岸上一員大將，殺退羌兵。興提刀待砍越吉，吉躍水而走。關興得了越吉馬，牽到岸上，整頓鞍轡，綽刀上馬。只見那員將，尚在前面追殺羌兵。興自思此人救我性命，當與相見，遂拍馬趕來。看看至近，只見雲霧之中，隱隱有一大將，面如重棗，眉若臥蠶，綠袍金鎧，提青龍刀，騎赤兔馬，手綽美髯；分明認得是父親關公。興大驚。忽見關公以手望東南指曰：「吾兒可速望此路去。吾當護汝歸寨。」言訖不見。關興望東南急走。至半夜，忽一彪到：乃張苞也，問興曰：「你曾見二伯父否？」興曰：「你何由知之？」苞曰：「我被鐵車軍追急，忽見伯父自空而下，驚退羌兵，指曰：『汝從這條路去救吾兒。』因此引軍逕來尋你。」關興亦說前事，共相嗟異。二人同歸寨內。馬岱接著，對二人說：「此軍無計可退。我守住寨柵，你二人去稟丞相，用計破之。」於是興、苞二人，星夜來見孔明，備說此事。孔明隨命趙雲、魏延各引一軍埋伏去訖；然後點三萬軍，帶了姜維、張翼、關興、張苞，親自來到馬岱寨中歇定。次日上高阜處觀看，見鐵車連絡不絕，人馬縱橫，往來馳驟。孔明曰：「此不難破也。」喚馬岱、張翼分付如此如此。二人去了，乃喚姜維曰：「伯約知破車之法否？」維曰：「羌人惟恃一勇力，豈知妙計乎？」孔明笑曰：「汝知吾心也。今彤雲密布，朔風緊急，天將降雪，吾計可施矣。」便令關興、張苞二人引兵埋伏去訖。令姜維領兵出戰：但有鐵車兵來，退後便走；寨口虛立旌旗，不設軍馬：準備已定。


1 Guo Huai laid before his colleague the scheme to overcome the army of Shu, saying, "The Qiang tribes have paid tribute regularly since the days of the Founder of Wei. Emperor Pi regarded them with favor. Now let us hold such points of vantage as we may, while we send secret emissaries to engage their help in exchange for kindly treatment. We may get the Qiangs to attack Shu and engage their attention, while we gather a large army to smite them at another place. Thus attacking, how can we help gaining a great victory?"

2 A messenger was sent forthwith bearing letters to the Qiang tribespeople.

3 The King of the western Qiangs was named Cheli Ji. He had rendered yearly tribute since the days of Cao Cao. He had two ministers, one for civil and the other for military affairs, named, respectively, Prime Minister Ya Dan and Chief Leader Yue Ji.

4 The letter was accompanied by presents of gold and pearls, and when the messenger arrived, he first sought Prime Minister Ya Dan, to whom he gave gifts and whose help he begged. Thus he gained an interview with the King, to whom he presented the letter and the gifts. The King accepted both and called his counselors to consider the letter.

5 Ya Dan said, "We have had regular intercourse with the Wei kingdom. Now that Cao Zhen asks our aid and promises an alliance, we ought to accede to his request."

6 Cheli Ji agreed that it was so, and he ordered his two chief ministers to raise an army of two hundred fifty thousand of trained soldiers, archers and crossbowmen, spearmen and swordsmen, warriors who flung maces and hurled hammers. Beside these various weapons, the tribesmen used chariots covered with iron plates nailed on. They prepared much grain and fodder and many spare weapons, all of which they loaded upon these iron-clad chariots. The chariots were drawn by camels or teams of horses. The carts or chariots were known as "iron chariots".

7 The two leaders took leave of their King and went straightway to Xiping Pass.

8 The commander in charge of the Pass, Han Zhen, at once sent intelligence to Zhuge Liang, who asked, "Who will go to attack the Qiangs?"

9 Guan Xing and Zhang Bao said they would go.

10 Then Zhuge Liang said, "You shall be sent. But as you are ignorant of the road and the people, Ma Dai shall accompany you."

11 To Ma Dai he said, "You know the disposition of the Qiangs from your long residence there. You shall go as guide."

12 They chose out fifty thousand of veterans for the expedition. When they had marched a few days and drew near their enemy, Guan Xing went in advance with a hundred horsemen and got first sight of them from a hill. The Qiangs were marching, the long line of iron chariots one behind another in close order. Then they halted and camped, their weapons piled all along the line of chariots like the ramparts of a moated city. Guan Xing studied them for a long time quite at a loss to think how to overcome them. He came back to camp and consulted with his two colleagues.

13 Ma Dai said, "We will see tomorrow what they will do when we make our array, and discuss our plans when we know more."

14 So the next day they drew up their army in three divisions, Guan Xing's division being in the center, Zhang Bao's in the left, and Ma Dai's in the right. Thus they advanced.

15 The enemy also drew up in battle order. Their Chief Leader, Yue Ji, had an iron mace in his hand and a graven bow hung at his waist. He rode forward on a curvetting steed boldly enough. Guan Xing gave the order for all three divisions to go forward. Then the enemy's ranks opened in the center and out rolled the iron chariots like a great wave. At the same time the Qiangs shot arrows and bolts, and the men of Shu could not stand against them.

16 The wing divisions under Ma Dai and Zhang Bao retired, and the Qiangs were thus enabled to surround the center. In spite of every effort, Guan Xing could not get free, for the iron chariots were like a city wall and no opening could be found. The troops of Shu were absolutely helpless, and Guan Xing made for the mountains in hope of finding a road through.

17 As it grew dark a Qiang leader with a black flag approached, his warriors like a swarm of wasps about him.

18 Presently the leader cried out to him, "Youthful general, flee not. I am Yue Ji!"

19 But Guan Xing only hastened forward, plying his whip to urge his steed. Then he suddenly came on a deep gully, and there seemed nothing but to turn and fight. Yue Ji come close and struck at him with the mace. Guan Xing evaded the blow, but it fell upon his steed and knocked it over into water. Guan Xing went into the water too.

20 Presently he heard a great noise again behind him. Yue Ji and his troops had found a way down into the gully and were coming at him down the stream. Guan Xing braced himself for a struggle in the water.

21 Then he saw Zhang Bao and Ma Dai coming up on the bank fighting with, and driving off, the Qiangs. Yue Ji was struck by Zhang Bao, and he too fell into the gully. Guan Xing gripped his sword and was about to launch a stroke at Yue Ji as he came up, when Yue Ji jumped out of the water and ran away.

22 At once Guan Xing caught the steed Yue Ji had left, led it up the bank and soon had it ready to mount. Then he girded on his sword, got on the horse, and joined the battle with his colleagues.

23 After driving off the Qiangs, Guan Xing, Zhang Bao, and Ma Dai gathered together and rode back. They quickly gained the camp.

24 "I do not know how to overcome these men," said Ma Dai. "Let me protect the camp while you go back and ask the Prime Minister what we should do."

25 Guan Xing and Zhang Bao started at once and made the best of their way back. They told Zhuge Liang what had happened. He at once sent off Zhao Zilong and Wei Yan to go into ambush. After this he went himself with thirty thousand troops and Jiang Wei, Zhang Yi, Guan Xing, and Zhang Bao and soon came to Ma Dai's camp. The day after, from the summit of a hill, Zhuge Liang surveyed the country and the enemy, who were coming on in a ceaseless stream.

26 "It is not difficult," said Zhuge Liang.

27 He called up Ma Dai and Zhang Yi and gave them certain orders.

28 They having gone, he turned to Jiang Wei, saying, "My friend, do you know how to overcome them?"

29 "The enemy only depend upon force and courage. They shall not expect this fine strategy," was the reply.

30 "You know," said Zhuge Liang, smiling. "Those dark clouds and the strong north wind mean snow. Then I can do what I wish."

31 The two leaders, Guan Xing and Zhang Bao, were sent into ambush, and Jiang Wei went out to offer battle. But he was to retire before the iron chariots. At the entrance to the camp were displayed many flags, but the soldiers that should serve under them were not there.


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