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Chapter 061-04 손권이 조조를 물리치다

  孫權覽書哭謂眾家曰:「張子網勸我遷居秣陵,吾如何不從?」即命遷治建業,築石頭城。呂蒙進曰:「曹操兵來,何於濡須水口築塢以拒之。」諸將皆曰:「上岸擊賊,跌足入船,何用築城?」蒙曰:「兵有利鈍,戰無必勝。如猝然遇敵,步騎相促,人尚不暇及水,何能入船乎?」權曰:「『人無遠慮,必有近憂』。子明之見甚遠。」便差軍數萬築濡須塢。曉夜併工,刻期告竣。

  卻說曹操在許都,威福日甚。長史董昭進曰:「自古以來,人臣未有如丞相之功者。雖周公,呂望,莫可乃也。櫛風沐雨,三十餘年,掃蕩群凶,與百姓除害,使漢室復存,豈可與諸臣宰同列乎?合受魏公之位,加『九錫』以彰功德。」你道那「九錫」:

一,車馬;
二,衣服;
三,樂縣;
四,朱戶;
五,納陛;
六,虎賁;
七,鈇鉞;
八,弓矢;
九,秬鬯圭瓚;

侍中荀彧曰:「不可。丞相本興義兵,匡扶漢室,當秉忠貞之志,守謙退之節。君子愛人以德,不宜如此。」曹操聞言,勃然變色。董昭曰:「豈可以一人而阻眾望?」遂上表請尊操為魏公,加九錫。荀彧歎曰:「吾不想今日見此事!」

  操聞深恨之,以為不助己也。建安十七年冬十月,曹操興兵下江南,就命荀彧同行。彧已知操有殺己之心,託病止於壽春。忽曹操使人送飲食一盒至。盒上有操親筆封記。開盒視之,並無一物。彧會其意,遂服毒而亡。年五十歲。後人有詩歎曰:

文若才華天下聞,
可憐失足在權門。
後人漫把留侯比,
臨歿無顏見漢君。

  其子荀惲,發哀書報曹操。操甚懊悔,命厚葬之,諡日敬侯。

  且說曹操大軍至濡須,先差曹洪領三萬鐵甲馬軍,哨至江邊。回報云:「遙望沿江一帶,旗旛無數,不知兵聚何處。」操放心不下,自領兵前進,就濡須口排開軍陣。操領百餘人上山坡,遙望戰船,各分隊伍,依次排列。旗分五色,兵器鮮明。當中大船上青羅傘下,坐著孫權。左右文武,侍立兩傍。操以鞭指曰:「生子當如孫仲謀!若劉景升兒子豚犬耳!」

  忽一聲響動,南船一齊飛奔過來。濡須塢內又一軍出,衝動曹兵。曹操軍馬退後便走,止喝不住。忽有千百騎趕到山邊,為首馬上一人,碧眼紫髯。眾人認得正是孫權。權自引一隊馬軍來擊曹操。操大驚,急回馬時,東吳大將韓當,周泰兩騎馬直衝將上來。操背後許褚縱馬舞刀,敵住二將,曹操得脫歸寨。許褚與二將戰三十合方回。操回寨,重賞許褚,責罵眾將:「臨敵先退,挫吾銳氣!後若如此,盡皆斬首!」


92 As a protection against Cao Cao, Admiral Lu Meng proposed building a rampart at River Ruxu.

93 Some other officers opposed this, saying, "When the enemy appears, you will have to land in order to attack him, and after that you will return to your ships. What is the use of a rampart?"

94 Lu Meng replied, "One must prepare against possibilities. Soldiers vary in keenness and sometimes lose battles. If an urgent occasion arises, the soldiers may be unable to reach the water's edge, and how then are they to embark? They will then need shelter."

95 Sun Quan said, "Provision against eventualities, such as he proposes, is good. Against a distant risk provide, and sorrow walks not by your side."

96 So they sent soldiers to build ramparts at River Ruxu, and as the work ceased not day or night the wall was soon completed.

97 In the capital Cao Cao's influence and glory waxed daily greater. High Counselor Dong Zhao proposed that the title of duke should be conferred upon him.

98 Dong Zhao said, "In all history, no one has rendered such services as you have, O Prime Minister, not even Duke of Zhou or Lu Wang. These thirty years you have exposed yourself to all risks, been combed by the wind and bathed by the rain, and you have swept evil from the empire, succored the distressed, and restored the Hans. Who of all statesmen can rank with you? It would be fitting for you to become the Duke of Wei and receive the Nine Dignities, that your merit and virtue be known to all."

99 Now the Nine Dignities, or signs of honor, were:

100
1. Chariots: Gilded chariots drawn by eight horses 
2. Court dresses: Dragon-embroidered robes, headdresses, and shoes 
3. Music at banquets: By royal bands 
4. Red doors: Symbols of wealth 
5. Inner staircase: Protection for every step 
6. Imperial Tiger Guard: Three hundred at the gates 
7. Imperial axes: Commanding and ceremonial symbols 
8. Bow and arrows: Red-lacquered bow with a hundred arrows 
9. Libation vessels: Jade tablets and libation cups

101 However, all the courtiers were not of one mind.

102 Said High Adviser Xun Yu, "This should not be done, O Prime Minister. You raised a force by an appeal to the innate sense of righteousness of the people, and with that force you restored the Han authority. Now you should remain loyal and humble. The virtuous person loves people with a virtuous love and would not act in this way."

103 Cao Cao did not take this opposition kindly.

104 Dong Zhao said, "How can we disappoint the hopes of many because of the words of one?"

105 So a memorial went to the Throne, and Cao Cao's ambitions and desires were gratified with the title of Duke of Wei. The Nine Dignities were added.

106 "I did not think to see this day!" said Xun Yu, sighing.

107 This remark was repeated to the newly created Duke and angered him. He took it to mean that Xun Yu would no longer aid him or favor his designs.

108 In the winter of the seventeenth year of Rebuilt Tranquillity (AD 212), Cao Cao decided to send an army to conquer the South Land, and he ordered Xun Yu to go with it. Xun Yu understood from this that Cao Cao wished his death, so he declined the appointment on the plea of illness. While Xun Yu was at home, he received one day a box such as one sent with presents of dainties. It was addressed in Cao Cao's own handwriting. Opening it, Xun Yu found therein nothing. He understood; so he took poison and died. He was fifty-two years of age.
109 Xun Yu's talents were to all people known, 
That was sad that at the door of power he tripped. 
Posterity is wrong to class him with the noble Zhang Liang, 
For, nearing death, he dared not face his lord of Han.

110 News of Xun Yu's death came to Cao Cao in the form of the ordinary letter of mourning by his son, Xun Yun. Then Cao Cao was sorry and gave orders for an imposing funeral. He also obtained for the dead man the posthumous title of lordship.

111 The northern army reached River Ruxu, whence Cao Cao sent a reconnaissance of thirty thousand troops led by Cao Hong down to the river.

112 Soon Cao Hong reported: "The enemy's fleet blankets the river, but no sign of movements."

113 Feeling suspicious, Cao Cao led his army to the river to watch the enemy and deploy his troops. On the river he saw displayed a fleet of ships all arranged in admirable order, the divisions being marked by distinctive flags. The equipment glittered in the sunlight. In the center was a large ship whereon was a huge umbrella, and beneath the shade sat Sun Quan in the midst of his staff.

114 "That is the sort of son to have," said Cao Cao in admiration, "not such piglets and puppies as Liu Biao's."

115 Suddenly, at the explosion of a bomb, the ships got under way and came flying toward him, while a force moved out of River Ruxu. Cao Cao's soldiers at once retired in great haste. A company led by the green-eyed, purple-bearded Sun Quan made straight for Cao Cao, who hastily retreated. But Cao Cao was sore pressed by other Sun Quan's commanders, Han Dang and Zhou Tai, and it had gone hard with him but that Xu Chu came to his rescue and fought with the troops of the South Land till his master could escape. Xu Chu fought some score bouts before he could draw off and return to his own aide.

116 When Cao Cao returned to camp, he conferred rich rewards upon his henchman who had saved him, and he reprimanded his other leaders for their too hasty retirement.

117 "You blunt the keen spirits of the army. And if you do such a thing again, I will put you to death," said Cao Cao.




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