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Chapter 032-02 골육상쟁

尚從其言，不肯發兵。使者回報，譚大怒，立斬逢紀，議欲降曹。早有細作密報袁尚。尚與審配議曰：「使譚降曹，並力來攻，則冀州危矣。」乃留審配並大將蘇由固守冀州，自領大軍來黎陽救譚。尚問軍中誰敢為前部，大將呂曠、呂翔兄弟二人願去。尚點兵三萬，使為先鋒，先至黎陽。譚聞尚自來，大喜，遂罷降曹之議。譚屯兵城中，尚屯兵城外，為犄角之勢。

不一日，袁熙、高幹皆領軍到城外，屯兵三處，每日出兵與操相持。尚屢敗，操兵屢勝。至建安八年春三月，操分路攻打，袁譚、袁熙、袁尚、高幹皆大敗，棄黎陽而走。操引兵迫至冀州。譚與尚入城堅守，熙與幹離城三十里下寨，虛張聲勢。操兵連日攻打不下。郭嘉進曰：「袁氏廢長立幼，而兄弟之間，權力相併，各自樹黨，急之則相救，緩之則相爭，不如舉兵南向荊州，征討劉表，以候袁氏兄弟之變；變成而後擊之，可一舉而定也。」

操善其言，命賈詡為太守，守黎陽；曹洪引兵守官渡。操引大軍向荊州進兵。譚、尚聽知曹軍自退，遂相慶賀。袁熙、高幹各自辭去。袁譚與郭圖、辛評議曰：「我為長子，反不能承父業；尚乃繼母所生，反承大爵；心實不甘。」圖曰：「主公可勒兵城外，只做請顯甫、審配飲酒，伏刀斧手殺之，大事定矣。」譚從其言。適別駕王修自青州來，譚將此計告之。修曰：「兄弟者，左右手也。今與他人爭鬥，自斷其手，而曰我必勝，安可得乎？夫棄兄弟而不親，天下其誰親之？彼讒人離間骨肉，以求一朝之利，願塞耳勿聽也。」
 
譚怒，叱退王修，使人去請袁尚。尚與審配商議。配曰：「此必郭圖之計也。主公若往，必遭奸計；不如乘勢攻之。」袁尚依言，便披挂上馬，引兵五萬出城。袁譚見袁尚引軍來，情知事泄，亦即披挂上馬，與尚交鋒。尚見譚大罵。譚亦罵曰：「汝藥死父親，篡奪爵位，今又來殺兄耶！」二人親自交鋒袁譚大敗。尚親冒矢石，衝突掩殺。譚引敗軍奔平原，尚收兵還。袁譚與郭圖再議進兵，令岑璧為將，領兵前來。尚自引兵出冀州。

兩陣對圓，旗鼓相望。璧出罵陣，尚欲自戰。大將呂曠，拍馬舞刀，來戰岑璧；二將戰無數合，曠斬岑璧於馬下。譚兵又敗，再奔平原。審配勸尚進兵，追至平原。譚抵當不住，退入平原，堅守不出。尚三面圍城攻打。譚與郭圖計議。圖曰：「今城中糧少，彼軍方銳，勢不相敵。愚意可遣人投降曹操，使操將兵攻冀州，尚必還救。將軍引兵夾擊之，尚可擒矣。若操擊破尚軍，我因而斂其軍實以拒操。操軍遠來，糧食不繼,必自退去；我可以仍據冀州，以圖進取也。」

譚從其言，問曰：「使人可為使？」圖曰：「辛評之弟辛毗，字佐治，見為平原令。此人乃能言之士，可命為使。」譚即召辛毗。毗欣然而至。譚修書付毗，使三千軍送毗出境。毗星夜齎書往見曹操。時操屯軍西平伐劉表，表遣玄德引兵為前部以迎之。未及交鋒，辛毗到操寨。見操禮畢，操問其來意，毗具言袁譚相求之意，呈上書信。

27 Yuan Shang 원상 took his advice and no help was sent. When the messenger returned to Liyang without success, Yuan Tan 원담 was very angry and showed it by putting Peng Ji 봉기 to death. He also began to talk of surrendering to Cao Cao. Soon spies brought news of this to Yuan Shang, and again Shen Pei 심배 was called in.

28 Yuan Shang said, "If Yuan Tan goes over to Cao Cao, they will both attack Jizhou, and we shall be in great danger."

29 Finally Shen Pei and General Su You 소유 were left to take care of the defense of the city, and Yuan Shang marched his army to the rescue of his brother.

30 "Who dares lead the van?" said Yuan Shang.

31 Two brothers named Lu Xiang 여상 and Lu Kuang 여광 volunteered, and thirty thousand troops were given them. They were the first to reach Liyang.

32 Yuan Tan was pleased that Yuan Shang had decided to play a brotherly part and come to his aid, so he at once abandoned all thought of going over to the enemy. He being in the city, Yuan Shang camped outside, making that an ox-horn formation of their strategic position.

33 Before long Yuan Xi 원희, the second brother, and their cousin, Gao Gan 고간, arrived with their legions and also camped outside the city.

34 Engagements took place daily, and Yuan Shang suffered many defeats. On the other hand Cao Cao was victorious and elated. In the second month of the eighth year of Rebuilt Tranquillity (AD 203), Cao Cao made separate attacks on all four armies and won the day against each. Then the Yuans abandoned Liyang, and Cao Cao pursued them to Jizhou, where Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang went into the city to defend it, while their brother and cousin camped about ten miles away making a show of great force.

35 When Cao Cao had made many attacks without success, Guo Jia 곽가 proffered the following plan.

36 He said, "There is dissension among the Yuans because the elder has been superseded in the succession. The brothers are about equally strong and each has his party. If we oppose them, they unite to assist each other; but if we have patience, they will be weakened by family strife. Wherefore send first a force to reduce Liu Biao 유표 in Jingzhou, and let the fraternal quarrels develop. When they have fully developed, we can smite them and settle the matter."

37 Cao Cao approved of the plan. So leaving Jia Xu 가후 as Governor of Liyang and Cao Hong 조홍 as guard at Guandu, the army went away toward Jingzhou.

38 The two brothers Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang congratulated each other on the withdrawal of their enemy, and their brother Yuan Xi and their cousin Gao Gan marched their armies back to their own districts.

39 Then the quarrels began. Yuan Tan said to his confidants Guo Tu and Xin Ping, "I, the eldest, have been prevented from succeeding my father, while the youngest son, born of a second wife, received the main heritage. My heart is bitter."

40 Said Guo Tu, "Camp your army outside, invite your brother and Shen Pei to a banquet, and assassinate them. The whole matter is easily settled."

41 And Yuan Tan agreed. It happened that Adviser Wang Xiu 왕수 came just then from Qingzhou whom Yuan Tan took into his confidence.

42 Wang Xiu opposed the murder plan, saying, "Brothers are as one's limbs. How can you possibly succeed if at a moment of conflict with an enemy you cut off one of your hands? If you abandon your brother and sever relationship, whom will you take in all the world as a relation? That fellow Guo Tu is a dangerous mischief-maker, who would sow dissension between brothers for a momentary advantage, and I beg you to shut your ears and not listen to his persuasions."

43 This was displeasing to Yuan Tan, and he angrily dismissed Wang Xiu, while he sent the treacherous invitation to his brother.

44 Yuan Shang and Shen Pei talked over the matter.

45 Shen Pei said, "I recognize one of Guo Tu's stratagems and if you go, my lord, you will be the victim of their plot. Rather strike at them at once."

46 Whereupon Yuan Shang rode out to battle. His brother Yuan Tan, seeing him come with fifty thousand troops, knew that his treachery had been discovered, so he also took the field. When the forces were near enough, Yuan Tan opened on Yuan Shang with a volley of abuse.

47 "You poisoned my father and usurped the succession. Now you come out to slay your elder brother?"

48 The battle went against Yuan Tan. Yuan Shang himself took part in the fight, risking the arrows and the stones. He urged on his troops and drove his brother off the field. Yuan Tan took refuge in Pingyuan. Yuan Shang drew off his army to his own city.

49 Yuan Tan and Guo Tu decided upon a new attack, and this time they chose General Cen Bi 잠벽 as Leader of the Van. Yuan Shang went to meet him.

 When both sides had been arrayed and the banners were flying and the drums beating, Cen Bi rode out to challenge and railed at his opponent. At first Yuan Shang was going to answer the challenge himself, but Lu Kuang 여광 had advanced. Lu Kuang and Cen Bi met but had fought only a few bouts when Cen Bi fell. Yuan Tan's soldiers were once more defeated and ran away to Pingyuan. Shen Pei urged his master to press for the advantage, and Yuan Tan was driven into the city, where he fortified himself and would not go out. So the city was besieged on three sides.

50 Yuan Tan asked his strategist what should be done next, and Guo Tu said, "The city is short of food, the enemy is flushed with victory, and we cannot stand against them. My idea is to send someone to offer surrender to Cao Cao and thus get him to attack Jizhou. Your brother will be forced to return thither, which will leave you free to join in the attack. We may capture Yuan Shang. Should Cao Cao begin to get the better of your brother's army, we will lend our force to help Yuan Shang against Cao Cao; and as Cao Cao's base of supply is distant, we shall drive him off. And we can seize on Jizhou and begin our great design."

51 "Supposing this scheme be attempted, who is the man for a messenger?"

52 "I have one Xin Pi 신비, Xin Ping's younger brother. Xin Pi is the magistrate here in this very place. He is a fluent speaker and good scholar and suited to your purpose."

53 So Xin Pi was summoned and came readily enough. Letters were given him and an escort of three thousand soldiers took him beyond the border. He traveled as quickly as possible.

54 At that time Cao Cao's camp was at the Xiping Pass and he was attacking Liu Biao, who had sent Liu Bei out to offer the first resistance. No battle had yet taken place.

55 Soon after his arrival, Xin Pi was admitted to the Prime Minister's presence. After the ceremonies of greeting, Cao Cao asked the object of the visit. Xin Pi explained that Yuan Tan wanted assistance and presented his dispatches.

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