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Chapter 060-06 서촉행

  玄德曰:「今與吾水火相敵者,曹操也。操以急,吾以寬;操以暴,吾以仁;操以譎,吾以忠;每與操相反,事乃可成。若以小利而失大義於天下,吾不為也。」龐統笑曰:「主公之言,雖合天理,奈離亂之時,用兵爭強,固非一道;若拘執常理,寸步不可行矣。宜從權變。且兼弱攻昧,逆取順守,湯,武之道也。若事定之後,報之以義,封為大國,何負於信?今日不取,終被他人取耳。主公幸熟思焉。」玄德乃恍然曰:「金石之言,當銘肺腑。」

  於是遂請孔明同議,起兵西行。孔明曰:「荊州重地,必須分兵守之。」玄德曰:「吾與龐士元,黃忠,魏延,前往西川;軍師可與關雲長,張翼德,趙子龍,守荊州。」孔明應允。於是孔明總守荊州;關公拒襄陽要路,當青泥隘口;張飛領四郡巡江;趙雲屯江陵,鎮公安。玄德令黃忠為前部,魏延為後軍。玄德自與劉封關平在中軍,龐統為軍師,馬步五萬,起程西行。

  臨行時,忽廖化引一軍來降。玄德便教廖化輔佐雲長,以拒曹操。是年冬月,引兵望西川進發。行不數程,孟達接著,拜見玄德,說劉益州令某領兵五千遠來迎接。玄德使人入益州,先報劉璋。璋便發書告報沿途州郡,供給錢糧。璋欲自出涪城親接玄德,即下令準備車乘帳幔,旌旗鎧甲,務要鮮明。主簿黃權入諫曰:「主公此去,必被劉備所害。某食祿多年,不忍主公中他人奸計,望三思之。」張松曰:「黃權此言,疏間宗族之義,滋長寇盜之威,實無益於主公。」璋乃叱權曰:「吾意已決,汝何逆吾!」

  權叩首流血,近前口啣璋衣而諫。璋大怒,扯衣而起。權不放,頓落門牙兩個。璋喝左右,推出黃權,權大哭而歸。

  璋欲行,一人叫曰:「主公不納黃公衡忠言,乃欲自就死地耶?」伏於階前而諫。璋視之,乃建寧愈元人也,姓李,名恢。叩首諫曰:「竊聞『君有諍臣,父有諍子』。黃公衡忠義之言,必當聽從。若容劉備入川,是猶迎虎於門也。」璋曰:「玄德是吾宗兄,安肯害吾?再言者必斬!」叱左右推出李恢。張松曰:「今蜀中文官各顧妻子,不復為主公效力;諸將恃功驕傲,各有外意;不得劉皇叔,則敵攻於外,民攻於內,必敗之道也。」璋曰:「公所謀深於吾有益。」

  次日,上馬出榆橋門。人報「從事王累,自用繩索倒弔於城門之上,一手執諫章,一手仗劍,口稱如諫不從,自割斷其繩索,撞死於此地。」劉璋教取所執諫章觀之。其略曰:「益州從事臣王累,泣血稽首:竊聞『良藥苦口利於病,忠言逆耳利於行』。昔楚懷王不聽屈原之言,會盟於武關,為秦所困。今主公輕離大郡,欲迎劉備於涪城,恐有去路,而無回路矣。倘能斬張松於市,絕劉備之約,則蜀中老幼幸甚,主公之基業亦幸甚!」

  劉璋看畢,大怒曰:「吾與仁人相會,如親芝蘭,如何數侮於吾耶!」王累大叫一聲,自割斷其索,撞死於地。後人有詩歎曰:

倒挂城門捧諫章,
拚將一死報劉璋。
黃權折齒終降備,
矢節何如王累剛!


148 "Now there are two men in the world as mutually antagonistic as fire and water. My opposite is Cao Cao. He is impetuous and I am long suffering; he is cruel and I am humane; he feigns while I am true. In all particulars I act the direct contrary to him. I refuse to risk the loss of the confidence and trust of the world for a trifling advantage."

149 Pang Tong smiled at these sentiments, saying, "My lord's words are quite in accord with abstract rectitude, but such ideas scarcely suit the days of rebellion. There are other ways of fighting than with warlike weapons, but to adhere too obstinately to the idea of abstract rectitude is to do nothing. One must be an opportunist, annex the weak and attack the willfully deluded, seize the recalcitrant and protect the docile. These were the teachings of the great Kings Tang and Wu. If after the settlement you reward with righteousness and make of the land a great country, will you be guilty of a breach of trust? Remember if you do not take it now, another will."

150 Liu Bei, realizing the truth in what Pang Tong said, replied, "These words are as jewels. They should be engraved on my very heart."

151 Thereupon he summoned Zhuge Liang to settle the details of an army to march west.

152 Zhuge Liang said, "This is an important place and must be very well defended."

153 Liu Bei replied, "I, Pang Tong, and my two generals Huang Zhong and Wei Yan will go into the west. You and our three best generals---Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, and Zhao Zilong---can defend Jingzhou."

154 Guan Yu was told off to hold Xiangyang and the narrow pass at Qingni, Zhang Fei commanded four territories along the river, and Zhao Zilong camped at Jiangling.

155 For the march westward, Huang Zhong led the van, Wei Yan had the rearguard, while Liu Bei moved in the center with Liu Feng and Guan Ping as his aids. Pang Tong was Commander of the whole army.

156 Just as the fifty thousand troops were starting, there came Liao Hua to offer his service. He and his troops were attached to Guan Yu.

157 It was in the winter that the expedition started. Soon they met the force under Meng Da, five thousand soldiers, to act as escort into Yizhou. Liu Bei informed Liu Zhang that he had started, and the latter sent orders to the counties along the road to entertain them well on the march.

158 The Imperial Protector proposed to go out in person to welcome Liu Bei and ordered carriages to be prepared and tents and banners. All the escort were dressed in glittering armor. At this Secretary Huang Quan, the sturdy opponent of the invitation to Liu Bei, again remonstrated.

159 "My lord, if you go out, you will be exposed to danger. I have been in your service for many years, and I would prevent you from being the victim of another's wiles. I pray you reflect."

160 Zhang Song said, "His words are those of one who would sow discord in a family and encourage the power of the robbers who threaten you. Assuredly such action is to your detriment."

161 Liu Zhang then spoke angrily to Huang Quan, saying, "I have decided, and why do you oppose me?"

162 The objector bowed his head and wept. Then approaching nearer, he seized hold of the Imperial Protector's robe with his teeth to hinder him. Liu Zhang angrily shook his robe and rose from his seat, but Huang Quan still held on till two of his teeth fell out. Then the guards forced him away, and he retired, still crying.

163 As Liu Zhang was starting, another man cried, "My lord, do you neglect the loyal words of your faithful Huang Quan to go to your death?"

164 And he threw himself prostrate at the steps in remonstrance. He was Li Hui of Jianning.

165 "The prince may have ministers who remonstrate with him, and the father may have children who oppose," said Li Hui. "Huang Quan has spoken faithfully, and you ought to listen. To let Liu Bei into this land is to welcome the tiger into your gates."

166 "Liu Bei is my brother and will not harm me," said the Imperial Protector. "And any other who shall oppose me shall suffer death."

167 So Li Hui was thrust out.

168 "The officers of Shu regard the safety of their families and no longer render you service. The generals are arrogant, and each has some scheme of his own to further. If you do not get Liu Bei to oppose the enemy without and your own people oppose you within, surely you are on the road to ruin."

169 So spoke Zhang Song, and the Imperial Protector replied, "I know the plan is for my advantage."

170 Whereupon he mounted his horse to ride out to Elm Tree Bridge.

171 Then a messenger reported to him: "Wang Lei has suspended himself, head downwards, at the city gate. In one hand he holds a written remonstrance and in the other a knife. And he says that if you heed him not, he will cut the rope and die at your feet."

172 Liu Zhang went to the gate, took the writing and read:

173 "Good medicine is bitter in the mouth but good for the disease; faithful words offend the ear but are good for the conduct. Of old King Huai of Chu listened not to Qu Yuan, but attended the meeting at Wu Pass and was captured by the state of Qin. Sir, you are thoughtlessly leaving your place to go to welcome Liu Bei, but I fear there is a way out and none in. Could you but behead Zhang Song in the market place and have nothing to do with this league with Liu Bei, it would be for the happiness of old and young, and assure the safety of yourself."

174 Anger rose in Liu Zhang's breast as he read.

175 "Why do you insult me when I go to meet a kindly man I feel as if I were about to enjoy the delight of seeing brother?"

176 At this Wang Lei gave a great cry, severed the rope, and fell to the ground battered and dead.

177 Head downwards at the city gate one hung 
A last remonstrance in his outstretched hand. 
Resolved that, were his words rejected, he 
Would not survive defeat. Sincere was he 
Who, desperate, held to Liu Zhang's silken robe 
Until his broken teeth released their grip. 
Sincere indeed, but how can he compare 
With stern Wang Lei who went to awful death?




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