삼국지 인물 찾아보기

Chapter 080-04 한나라의 대통을 잇다

  漢中王聞孔明病篤,親到府中,直入臥榻邊問曰:「軍師所感何疾?」孔明答曰:「憂心如焚,命不久矣。」漢中王曰:「軍師所憂何事?」連問數次,孔明只推病重,瞑目不答。漢中王再三請問。孔明喟然歎曰:「臣自出茅廬,得遇大王,相隨至今,言聽計從;今幸大王有兩川之地,不負臣夙昔之言。目今曹丕篡位,漢祀將斬,文武官僚,咸欲奉大王為帝,滅魏興劉,共圖功名;不想大王堅執不肯,眾官皆有怨心,不久必盡散矣。若文武皆散,吳、魏來攻,兩川難保,臣安得不憂乎?」漢中王曰:「吾非推阻,恐天下人議論耳。」孔明曰:「聖人云:『名不正,則言不順。』今大王名正言順,有何可議?豈不聞『天與弗取,反受其咎』?」漢中王曰:「待軍師病可,行之未遲。」孔明聽罷,從榻上躍然而起,將屏風一擊,外面文武眾官皆入,拜伏於地曰:「王上既允,便請擇日以行大禮。」漢中王視之:乃是太傅許靖、安漢將軍糜竺、青衣侯尚舉、陽泉侯劉豹、別駕趙祚、治中楊洪、議曹杜瓊、從事張爽、太常卿賴恭、光祿卿黃權、祭酒何宗、學士尹默、司業譙周、大司馬殷純、偏將軍張裔、少府王謀、昭文博士伊籍、從事郎秦宓等眾也。

  漢中王驚曰:「陷孤於不義,皆卿等也。」孔明曰:「王上既允所請,便可築臺擇吉,恭行大禮。」即時送漢中王還宮,一面令博士許慈、諫議郎孟光掌禮,築臺於成都武擔之南。諸事齊備,多官整設鑾駕,迎請漢中王登壇致祭。譙周在壇上,高聲朗讀祭文曰:

惟建安二十六年四月丙午朔,越十二日丁巳,皇帝備,敢昭告於皇天后土:漢有天下,曆數無疆。曩者,王莽篡盜,光武皇帝震怒致誅,社稷復存。今曹操阻兵殘忍,戮殺主后,罪惡滔天;操子丕,載肆凶逆,竊據神器。群下將士,以為漢祀墮廢,備宜延之,嗣武二祖,躬行天罰。備懼無德忝帝位,詢於庶民,外及遐荒君長,僉曰:天命不可以不答,祖業不可以久替,四海不可以無主。率土式望,在備一人。備畏天明命,又懼高、光之業,將墜於地,謹擇吉日,登壇祭告,受皇帝璽綬,撫臨四方。惟神饗祚漢家,永綏歷服!

  讀罷祭文,孔明率眾官恭上玉璽。漢中王受了,捧於壇上,再三推讓曰:「備無才德,請擇有才德者受之。」孔明奏曰:「王上平定四海,功德昭於天下,況是大漢宗派,宜即正位。已祭告天神,復何讓焉?」文武各官,皆呼萬歲。拜舞禮畢,改元章武元年。立妃吳氏為皇后,長子劉禪為太子。封次子劉永為魯王,劉理為梁王。封諸葛亮為丞相,許靖為司徒。大小官僚,一一陞賞。大赦天下。兩川軍民,無不欣躍。

  次日設朝,文武官僚拜畢,列為兩班。先主降詔曰:「朕自桃園與關、張結義,誓同生死;不幸二弟雲長,被東吳孫權所害。若不報讎,是負盟也。朕欲起傾國之兵,攻伐東吳,生擒逆賊,以雪此恨!」言未畢,班內一人,拜伏於階下,諫曰:「不可。」先主視之,乃虎威將軍趙雲也。正是:

君王未及行天討,
臣下曾聞進直言。

未知子龍所諫若何,且看下文分解。


Presently it was told the Prince that his adviser's condition was becoming serious, wherefore Liu Bei went to see him as he lay on his couch.

77 "What illness affects you, my Commander-in-Chief?" asked Liu Bei.

78 "My heart is sad like unto burning, and I shall soon die."

79 "What is it that causes you such grief?"

80 But Zhuge Liang did not reply. And when the question was repeated again and again he said nothing, but just lay with his eyes closed as if he was too ill to speak.

81 The Prince, however, pressed him to reply, and then with a deep sigh Zhuge Liang said, "Great Prince, from the day I left my humble cottage to follow you, you have always listened to my words and accepted my advice, and now this western domain, the whole of the two River Lands is yours just as I said it would be. But this usurpation of Cao Pi means the annihilation of the Hans and the cessation of their sacrifices, wherefore my colleagues and I desired you to become Emperor in order to crush this upstart Wei and restore the Hans. We all worked for this end, never thinking that you would refuse so obstinately to accede to our wishes. Now the officers are all annoyed, and they will drift away before very long. If you are left alone and Wu and Wei come to attack, it will be difficult for you to hold on to what you have. Do you not think this sufficient reason for me to feel grieved?"

82 "Unless I refused, the whole world would blame me. I am afraid," replied the Prince.

83 Quoting Confucius the Teacher, Zhuge Liang replied, "'If names be not correct, language is not in accordance with the truth of things.' In other words, if one be not really straight, people will not speak of one favorably. O Prince, you are straight, and people speak of you favorably. What more is there to say? You know when Heaven offers and you refuse, you are certainly to blame."

84 "When you have recovered, it shall be done," said the Prince.

85 Up leapt Zhuge Liang from his bed, tapped at the screen in front of a doorway and in rushed a number of high officers, who prostrated themselves, crying, "So you have consented, O Prince! Then choose the day for the ceremony."

86 They were all the most trusted of his court: Imperial Guardian Xu Jing, General Who Brings Peace to Han Mi Zhu; Lord of Qingyi Xiang Ju, Lord of Yangquan Liu Bao, Deputy Governor Zhao Zuo; First Secretary Yang Hong, Counselor Du Qiong, Secretary Zhang Shuang, Minister Lai Gong, Minister Huang Quan, Minister He Zong, Doctorate Scholar Yin Mo, Minister Qiao Zhou, Grand Commander Yin Chun, Imperial Commander Zhang Si, Treasurer Wang Mou, Doctorate Scholar Yi Ji, Counselor Qin Mi, and many others.

87 The Prince was greatly startled, and said, "You are committing me to doing what is dishonorable!"

88 But Zhuge Liang said, "Since consent has been given, let a terrace be built and a day chosen for the great ceremony."

89 The Prince was escorted back to his palace, and Academician Xu Ci and High Counselor Meng Guang were told off to see to the building of the terrace at Mount Wudan south of Chengdu. And when all was ready, a great concourse of officers solemnly escorted the Prince, seated in a carriage of the imperial pattern, to the ground prepared, and he went up to the altar and performed the appointed sacrifice.

90 This done, the solemn announcement was read in a loud voice by Qiao Zhou:

91 "On this twelfth day of the fourth month of the twenty-fifth year of the Rebuilt Tranquillity Era, Liu Bei, the Emperor, makes this solemn announcement to Heaven and Earth.

92 "The dynasty of Han has possessed the empire for years without end. Formerly Wang Mang rebelled against his sovereign, and Liu Xiu the Founder of Latter Han rose in his wrath and put Wang Mang to death, thus restoring the prerogatives of the great sacrifices to him who rightly exercised them. Lately Cao Cao, powerful and cruel, slew the Empress, and his crimes cry aloud to Heaven for vengeance. His son, Cao Pi, carrying evils into every quarter, then seized the scepter.

93 "My officials and leaders, regarding the dynasty as having been overthrown, think it fitting that I, Liu Bei, would continue the line. As successor to my two warrior ancestors, Liu Bang and Liu Xiu, I will punish as Heaven decrees.

94 "Fearing lest my virtue be inadequate to the Imperial Throne, I consulted the voices of the people, and all, even the most distant, have said that the mandate of Heaven may not be disobeyed, the great task of my ancestors may not discontinue, the land must have a lord, and they aver the cynosure of all eyes is myself.

95 “Now I, respecting the mandate of Heaven and fearing lest the great achievements of Liu Bang and Liu Xiu may be overthrown, have reverently selected this auspicious day to ascend the altar, sacrifice, and announce my assumption of the Imperial Seal in order to comfort all the people, rejoice the ancestors of the Dynastic House, and bring eternal tranquillity to all domains."

96 When the reading was ended, and the sacrifice and the prayer, Zhuge Liang, in the name of all those assembled, presented the Imperial Seal.

97 The Prince received it in both hands, laid it upon the altar, and again declined acceptance, saying, "I, Liu Bei, am unfitted. I pray that another, more able, may be chosen."

98 But Zhuge Liang said, "Our lord has settled the empire, and his merits are manifest to the whole world. Moreover, he is of the Dynastic Family, and it is fitting that he succeed. Now that the great announcement has been made, such self-abnegation is impossible."

99 So all the officers shouted, "Eternal life to the Emperor!" And they did obeisance.

100 Then the style of the reign was announced to be Manifest Might, the first year (AD 220). The Lady Wu was declared Empress, and the eldest son, Liu Shan, was declared Heir-Apparent. The second son Liu Yung was made Prince of Lu, and the third son Liu Li, Prince of Liang (the ancient states of Lu and Liang). Zhuge Liang became Prime Minister, and Xu Jing, Minister of the Interior. Many others were promoted, and a general amnesty was proclaimed, so that there was great rejoicing throughout all the length and breadth of the two River Lands.

101 Next day the first court was held, and after the ceremonial prostration, and when they were all arranged in due order, the First Ruler made a pronouncement.

102 "In the Peach Garden I and my brothers Guan Yu and Zhang Fei pledged ourselves to live and die together. Unhappily my brother Guan Yu came to his end at the hands of Sun Quan of Wu, and I must avenge him lest I fail to fulfill the oath. Therefore will I devote the whole force of my kingdom to the destruction of Wu and the capture of its rebellious chief, whereby to wipe away my reproach."

103 But just as he closed this oration, an officer threw himself down at the foot of the throne, crying, "It may not be so!"

104 All eyes turned to this man. He was Tiger General Zhao Zilong.

105 "Dire vengeance will I wreak!" so cried the King, 
His minister replied, "Do no such thing."

106 What arguments were used will appear in the next chapter.




삼국지 백과사전 인물, 지명, 병법, 전투, 무기, 관직, More...

한국 Korea Tour in Subkorea.com Road, Islands, Mountains, Tour Place, Beach, Festival, University, Golf Course, Stadium, History Place, Natural Monument, Paintings, Pottery, K-jokes, UNESCO Heritage, 중국 China Tour in Subkorea.com History, Idioms, UNESCO Heritage, Tour Place, Baduk, Golf Course, Stadium, University, J-Cartoons, 일본 Japan Tour in Subkorea.com Tour Place, Baduk, Golf Course, Stadium, University, History, Idioms, UNESCO Heritage, E-jokes, 인도 India Tour in Subkorea.com History, UNESCO Heritage, Tour Place, Golf Course, Stadium, University, Paintings,