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Chapter 060-01 서촉행

入西川（共六回) 
第六十回   張永年反難楊修  龐士元議取西蜀

Zhang Song Turns The Table On Yang Xiu;
Pang Tong Proposes The Occupation Of Shu.

　　卻說那進計於劉璋者，乃益州別駕，姓張，名松，字永年。其人生得額钁頭尖，鼻偃齒露，身短不滿五尺，言語有若銅鐘。劉璋問曰：「別駕有何高見，可解張魯之危？」松曰：「某聞許都曹操，掃蕩中原。呂布，二袁，皆為所滅；近又破馬超；天下無敵矣。主公可備進獻之物，松親往許都，說曹操興兵取漢中，以圖張魯。則魯拒敵不暇，何敢復窺蜀中耶？」

　　劉璋大喜，收拾金珠錦綺，為進獻之物，遣張松為使。松乃暗畫四川地理圖本藏之，帶從人數騎，取路赴許都。早有人報入荊州孔明便使人入許都打探消息。

　　卻說張松到了許都館驛中住定，每日去相府伺候，求見曹操。原來曹操自破馬超回，傲睨得志，每日飲宴，無事少出，國政皆在相府商議。張松候了三日，方得通過姓名。左右近侍先要賄賂，卻纔引入。操坐於堂上。松拜畢，操問曰：「汝主劉璋連年不進貢，何也？」松曰：「為路途艱難，賊寇竊發，不能通達。」操叱曰：「吾掃清中原，有何盜賊？」松曰：「南有孫權，北有張魯，西有劉備，至少者亦帶甲十餘萬，豈得謂太平耶？」

　　操先見張松人物猥瑣，五分不喜；又聞語言衝撞，遂拂袖而起，轉入後堂。左右責松曰：「汝為使命，何不知禮，一味衝撞？幸得丞相看汝遠來之面，不見罪責。汝可急回去！」松笑曰：「吾川中無諂佞之人也。」忽而階下一人大喝曰：「汝川中不會諂佞，吾中原豈有諂佞者乎？」

　　松觀其人，單眉細眼，貌白神清。問其姓名，乃太尉楊彪之子楊修，字德祖，現為丞相門下掌庫主簿。此人博學能言，見識過人。松知脩是個舌辯之士，有心難之。脩亦自恃其才，小覷天下之士。當時見張松言語譏諷，遂邀出外面書院中，分賓主而坐，謂松曰：「蜀道崎嶇，遠來勞苦。」松曰：「奉主之命，雖赴湯蹈火，弗敢辭也。」修問：「蜀中風土何如？」松曰：「蜀為西郡，古號益州。路有錦江之險，地連劍閣之雄。回環二百八程，縱橫三萬餘里。雞鳴犬吠相聞，市井閭閻不斷。田肥地美，歲無水旱之憂；國富民豐，時有管絃之樂。所產之物，阜如山積。天下莫可及也！」

　　修又問曰：「蜀中人物如何？」松曰：「文有相如之賦，武有伏波之才；醫有仲景之能，卜有君平之隱。九流三教，『出乎其類，拔乎其萃』者，不可勝記，豈能盡數！」修又問曰：「方今劉季玉手下，如公者還有幾人？」松曰：「文武全才，智勇足備，忠義慷慨之士，動以百數。如松不才之輩，車載斗量，不可勝記。」修曰：「公近居何職？」松曰：「濫充別駕之任，甚不稱職。敢問公為朝廷何官？」修曰：「現為丞相府主簿。」松曰：「久聞公世代簪纓，何不立於廟堂，輔佐天子，乃區區作相府門下一吏乎？」

1 The man who proposed the plan spoken of in the last chapter was Zhang Song, who belonged to Yizhou and held the small office of Supernumerary Charioteer. He had a broad forehead, protuberant at the temples like a countryman's hoe, and a pointed head. His nose was flat and his teeth protruded. He was a dwarf in stature but had a deep voice like a great bell.

2 "What proposal have you to offer that may avert this danger?" asked the Imperial Protector.

3 "My proposal is that we gain the support of Cao Cao. As we know, he has made a clean sweep of the empire. Lu Bu went first, and both the Yuans followed, all exterminated. Lately he has destroyed Ma Chao. In short he is the one man against whom no one can stand. Therefore, my lord, prepare me worthy gifts to take to the capital, and I will get Cao Cao to march an army against Hanzhong, which will keep this Zhang Lu occupied so that we shall be left alone."

4 This met Liu Zhang's views, and so he prepared gold and pearls and rich stuffs, worthy presents for the man of power. And when these were ready, he appointed Zhang Song his emissary. Zhang Song in the meantime occupied his leisure in secretly copying maps and plans of the west country. When all was ready, he started with a small escort.

5 They heard this in Jingzhou, and Zhuge Liang sent a trusty person to the capital to keep him informed as to all the doings.

6 Zhang Song arrived in Xuchang, and, after he had established himself in his lodging, he made daily visits to the Prime Minister's palace to try to obtain an interview. But the last success over Ma Chao had filled Cao Cao with insufferable pride, and he did nothing but give banquets. He never appeared except for the most important affairs, and even carried on the business of the state in his own residence. So Zhang Song waited many days. But when he got to know the persons who were nearest the Prime Minister, he bribed them and obtained an audience.

7 Cao Cao was seated in the high place, and after his visitor had finished salutations, he said, "Your master Liu Zhang has sent no tribute for several years. Why?"

8 "Because the roads are dangerous, and thieves and robbers infest them. Intercourse is restricted."

9 Cao Cao interrupted in a loud harsh voice, saying, "What thieves and robbers are there when I have cleansed the empire?"

10 "How can you say the land is tranquil when one sees Sun Quan in the south, Zhang Lu and Liu Bei in the west, and everyone of these with armies reckoned in legions? The weakest of them has one hundred thousand troops."

11 The extraordinary appearance of the emissary had prejudiced Cao Cao from the outset; and when Cao Cao heard these blunt words, he suddenly shook out his sleeves, rose and left the hall.

12 Those in attendance were annoyed with Zhang Song and said, "How can you behave so rudely when you come on a mission? Your whole attitude was blunt and discourteous. Happily for you, our lord remembered you had come from afar and did not take open notice of your fault. The best thing for you is to go home again as quickly as you can."

13 But Zhang Song smiled.

14 "We have no plausible flatterers and glib talkers in the River Lands," said he.

15 At this, one from below the steps called out, "So you call us plausible and glib then. And you have none such in your country, eh?"

16 Zhang Song looked around and saw the speaker was a man with thin delicate eyebrows crossing narrow eyes set in a pale spiritual face. He asked his name. It was Yang Xiu, son of the former Imperial Guardian Yang Biao. The young man was then employed as Chair of the Secretariat of the Prime Minister's palace. He was deeply read and had the reputation of being a clever controversialist, as Zhang Song knew. So on one side was a desire to confound and on the other overweening pride in his own ability, with contempt for other scholars. Perceiving the ridicule in Zhang Song's speech, Yang Xiu invited him to go to the library where they could talk more freely. There, after they had got settled in their respective places, Yang Xiu began to talk about the west.

17 "Your roads are precipitous and wearisome," said Yang Xiu.

18 "But at our lord's command we travel, even through fire and water. We never decline," replied Zhang Song.

19 "What sort of a country is this Yizhou?"

20 "Yizhou is a name for the group of western counties and territories known of old as the state of Shu. The roads are intersected by streams, and the land bristles with steep mountains. The circuit is over two hundred stations and marches and the area over one hundred thousand square miles. The population is dense, villages being so close that the crowings of cocks in one waken the people in the next, and the dogs barking in this excite the curs in that. The soil is rich and well cultivated, and droughts or famines are equally unknown. Prosperity is general, and the music of pipes and strings can always be heard. The produce of the fields is piled mountain high. There is no place its equal."

21 "But what of the people?"

22 "Our administrators are talented as Lin Xiangru; our soldiers able as Ma Yuan; our physicians are expert as Zhang Ji; our diviners are profound as Yan Zun. Our schools of philosophy and our culture stand forth as models, and we have more remarkable people than I can enumerate. How should I ever finish the tale of them?"

23 "And how many such as you, Sir, do you think there are at the orders of your 333 hardly be called an office. I am a Supernumerary Charioteer. But, Sir, what state affairs may you control?"

27 "I am the First Secretary in the Palace of the Prime Minister," replied Yang Xiu.

28 "They say that members of your family held office for many generations, and I do not understand why you are not in court service actually assisting the Emperor, instead of filling the post of a mere clerk in the private palace of the Prime Minister."



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