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Chapter 030-05 관도대전

於是二人領本部兵馬，往曹操寨中投降。夏侯惇曰：「張、高二人來降，未知虛實。」操曰：「吾以恩遇之，雖有異心，亦可變矣。」遂開營門命二人入。二人倒戈卸甲，拜伏於地。操曰：「若使袁紹肯從二將軍之言，不至有敗。今二將軍肯來相投，如微子去殷，韓信歸漢也。」遂封張郃為偏將軍都亭侯，高覽為偏將軍東萊侯。二人大喜。

卻說袁紹既去了許攸，又去了張郃、高覽，又失了烏巢糧，軍心皇皇。許攸又勸曹操作速進兵；張郃、高覽請為先鋒；操從之。即令張郃、高覽領兵往劫紹寨。當夜三更時分，出軍三路劫寨。混戰到明，各自收兵，紹軍折其大半。荀攸獻計曰：「今可揚言調撥人馬，一路取酸棗，攻鄴郡；一路取黎陽，斷袁兵歸路。袁紹聞之，必然驚惶，分兵拒我；我乘其兵動時擊之，紹可破也。」

操用其計，使大小三軍，四遠揚言。紹軍聞此信，來寨中報說：「曹操分兵兩路：一路取鄴郡，一路取黎陽去也。」紹大驚，急遣袁尚分兵五萬救鄴郡，辛明分兵五萬救黎陽，連夜起行。曹操探知袁紹兵動，便分大隊軍馬，八路齊出，直衝紹營。袁軍俱無鬥志，四散奔走，遂大潰。袁紹披甲不迭，單衣幅巾上馬；幼子袁譚後隨。張遼、許褚、徐晃、于禁四員將，引軍追趕袁紹。紹急渡河，盡棄圖書車仗金帛，止引隨行八百餘騎而去。
 
操軍追之不及，盡獲遺下之物。所殺八萬餘人，血流盈溝，溺水死者不計其數。操獲全勝，將所得金寶緞疋，給賞軍士。於圖書中檢出書信一束，皆許都及軍中諸人與紹暗通之書。左右曰：「可逐一點對姓名，收而殺之。」操曰：「當紹之強，孤亦不能自保，況他人乎？」遂命盡焚之，更不再問。

卻說袁紹兵敗而奔，沮授因被囚禁，急走不脫，為曹軍所獲，擒見曹操。操素與沮授相識。授見操，大呼曰：「授不降也！」操曰：「本初無謀，不用君言，君何尚執迷耶？吾若早得足下，天下不足慮也。」因厚待之，留於軍中。授乃於營中盜馬，欲歸袁氏。操怒，乃殺之。授至死神色不變。操歎曰：「吾誤殺忠義之士也！」命厚禮殯殮，為建墳安葬於黃河渡口，題其墓曰：「忠烈沮君之墓」。後人有詩贊曰：

河北多名士，忠貞推沮君。
凝眸知陣法，仰面識天文。
至死心如鐵，臨危氣似雲。
曹公欽義烈，特與建孤墳。

        [三國誌詩030-p03]

操下令攻。正是：

勢弱只因多算勝，兵強卻為寡謀亡。

        [三國誌詩030-p04]

未知勝負如何，且看下文分解。
 
137 Wherefore both, with their companies, made their way to Cao Cao's camp to surrender.

138 When they arrived, Xiahou Dun said to his master, "These two have come to surrender, but I have doubts about them."

139 Cao Cao replied, "I will meet them generously and win them over, even if they have treachery in their hearts."

140 The camp gates were opened to the two officers, and they were invited to enter. They laid down their weapons, removed their armor, and bowed to the ground before Cao Cao, who said, "If Yuan Shao had listened to you, he would not have suffered defeat. Now you two coming to surrender are like Wei Zi 미자 leaving the falling House of Shang to go to Zhou and Han Xin 한신 leaving Xiang Yu to go over to the rising House of Han."

141 Cao Cao made them Generals and conferred upon Zhang He the title of Lord of Duting and upon Gao Lan Lord of Donglai, which pleased them much.

142 And so as Yuan Shao had formerly driven sway his adviser, Xu You, so now he had alienated two leaders and had lost his stores at Wuchao, and his army was depressed and down-hearted.

143 When Xu You advised Cao Cao to attack Yuan Shao as promptly as he could, the two newly surrendered generals volunteered to lead the way. So Cao Cao sent Zhang He and Gao Lan to make a first attack on the camp, and they left in the night with three thousand troops. The fighting went on confusedly all night but stayed at dawn. Yuan Shao had lost half of his army.

144 Then Xun You suggested a plan to Cao Cao, saying, "Now is the moment to spread a report that an army will go to take Suanzao and attack Yejun, and another to take Liyang and intercept the enemy's retreat. Yuan Shao, when he hears of this, will be alarmed and tell off his troops to meet this new turn of affairs; and while he is making these new dispositions, we can have him at great disadvantage."

145 Cao Cao adopted the suggestion, and care was taken that the report spread far around. It came to the ears of Yuan Shao's soldiers, and they repeated it in camp. Yuan Shao believed it and ordered his son Yuan Tan with fifty thousand troops to rescue Yejun, and General Xin Ming with another fifty thousand to go to Liyang, and they marched away at once. Cao Cao heard that these armies had started, and at once dispatched troops in eight divisions to make a simultaneous attack on the nearly empty camp. Yuan Shao's troops were too dispirited to fight and gave way on all sides.

146 Yuan Shao without waiting to don his armor went forth in simple dress with an ordinary cap upon his head and mounted his steed. His youngest son, Yuan Shang, followed him. Four of the enemy generals---Zhang Liao, Xu Chu, Xu Huang, and Yu Jin---with their forces pressed in his rear, and Yuan Shao hastened across the river, abandoning all his documents and papers, baggage, treasure, and stores. Only eight hundred horsemen followed him over the stream. 

 Cao Cao's troops followed hard but could not come up with him. However, they captured all his impedimenta, and they slew some eighty thousands of his army so that the watercourses ran blood and the drowned corpses could not be counted. It was a most complete victory for Cao Cao, and he made over all the spoil to the army.

147 Among the papers of Yuan Shao was found a bundle of letters showing secret correspondence between him and many persons in the capital and army.

148 Cao Cao's personal staff suggested that the names of those concerned should be abstracted and the persons arrested, but their lord said, "Yuan Shao was so strong that even I could not be sure of safety. How much less other people?"

149 So Cao Cao ordered the papers to be burned and nothing more was said.

150 Now when Yuan Shao's soldiers ran away, Ju Shou, being a prisoner, could not get away and was captured.

151 Taken before Cao Cao, who knew him, Ju Shou cried aloud, "I will not surrender!"

152 Said Cao Cao, "Yuan Shao was foolish and neglected your advice: Why still cling to the path of delusion? Had I had you to help me, I should have been sure of the empire."

153 Ju Shou was well treated in the camp, but he stole a horse and tried to get away to Yuan Shao. This angered Cao Cao who recaptured him and put him to death, which he met with brave composure.

154 "I have slain a faithful and righteous man!" then said Cao Cao sadly.

155 And the victim was honorably buried at Guandu. His tomb bore the inscription This is the tomb of Ju Shou the Loyal and Virtuous.

156 Ju Shou was honest and virtuous, 
The best in Yuan Shao's train, 
From him the stars no secrets held, 
In tactics all was plain. 
For him no terrors had grim death. 
Too lofty was his spirit, 
His captor slew him, but his tomb 
Bears witness to his merit.

157 Cao Cao now gave orders to attack Jizhou.

158 In feeling over confident, that's where one's weakness lay; 
The other bettered him by plans which never went astray.

159 The following chapter will tell who won the next campaign.

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