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Chapter 106-02 기회를 노리는 사마의

　　卻說卑衍與楊祚商議曰：「若魏兵來攻，休與交戰。彼千里而來，糧草不繼，難以持久，糧盡必退；待他退時，然後出奇兵擊之，司馬懿可擒也。昔司馬懿與蜀兵相拒，堅守渭南，孔明竟卒於軍中。今日正與此理相同。」

　　二人正商議間，忽報「魏兵往南去了。」卑衍大驚曰：「彼知吾襄平軍少，去襲老營也。若襄平有失，我等守此處無益矣。」遂拔寨隨後而起。

　　早有探馬飛報司馬懿。懿笑曰：「中吾計矣！」令夏侯霸、夏侯威，各引一軍伏於濟水之濱：「如遼兵到，兩下齊出。」二人受計而往。早望見卑衍、楊祚引兵前來。一聲砲響，兩邊鼓譟搖旗：左有夏侯霸，右有夏侯威，一齊殺出。卑、楊二人，無心戀戰，奪路而走；奔至首山，正逢公孫淵兵到，合兵一處，回馬再與魏兵交戰。卑衍出馬罵曰：「賊將休使詭計！汝敢出戰否？」夏侯霸縱馬揮刀來迎。戰不數合，被夏侯霸一刀斬卑衍於馬下，遼兵大亂。霸驅兵掩殺，公孫淵引敗兵奔入襄平城去，閉門堅守不出。魏兵四面圍合。

　　時值秋雨連綿，一月不止，平地水深三尺，運糧船自遼河口直至襄平城下。魏兵皆在水中，行坐不安。左都督裴景入帳告曰：「兩水不住，營中泥濘，軍不可停，請移於前面山上。」懿怒曰：「捉公孫淵只在旦夕，安可移營？如有再言移營者斬！」裴景喏喏而退。

　　少頃，右都督仇連又來告曰：「軍士苦水，乞太尉移營高處。」懿大怒曰：「吾軍令己發，汝何敢故違！」即命推出斬之，懸首於南門外。於是軍心震懾。

　　懿令兩寨人馬暫退二十里，縱城內軍民出城樵採柴薪，牧放牛馬。司馬陳群問曰：「前太尉攻上庸之時，兵分八路，八日趕至城下，遂生擒孟達而成大功；今帶甲四萬，數千里而來，不令攻打城池，卻使久居泥濘之中，又縱賊眾樵牧：不知太尉是何主意。」懿笑曰：「公不知兵法耶？昔孟達糧多兵少，我糧少兵多，故不可不速戰；出其不意，突然攻之，方可取勝。今遼兵多，我兵少，賊飢我飽，何必力攻？正當任彼自走，然後乘機擊之。我今放開一條路，不絕彼之樵牧，是容彼自走也。」陳群拜服。

　　於是司馬懿遣人赴洛陽催糧。魏主曹叡設朝。群臣皆奏曰：「近日秋雨連綿，一月不止，人馬疲勞，可召回司馬懿，權且罷兵。」叡曰：「司馬太尉善能用兵，臨危制變，多有良謀，捉公孫淵計日而待：卿等何必憂也？」遂不聽群臣之諫，使人運糧解至司馬懿軍前。

　　懿在寨中，又過數日，雨止天晴。是夜懿出帳外，仰觀天文，忽見一星其大如斗，流光數丈，自首出東北，墜於襄平東南，各營將士，無不驚駭。懿見之大喜，乃謂眾將曰：「五日之後，星落處必斬公孫淵矣。來日可併力攻城。」


25 Meanwhile Bei Yan and Yang Zuo, the two generals within the walled camp, discussed their plans.
26 Yang Zuo said, "When the Wei army comes near, we will not fight. They will have come a long march and their supplies will be short, so that they cannot hold out long. When they retreat, we shall find our opportunity. These were the tactics Sima Yi used against Zhuge Liang on River Wei, and Zhuge Liang died before the end of the expedition. We will try similar means."

27 Presently the scouts reported that the Wei army had marched south.

28 Bei Yan at once saw the danger and said, "They are going to attack Xiangping, which they know has few troops. If that base be lost, this position is useless."

29 So they broke up their camp and followed the enemy.

30 When Sima Yi heard it, he rejoiced, saying, "Now they will fall into the snare I have laid for them."

31 Sima Yi sent Xiahou Ba and Xiahou Wei to take up position on the River Ji. They were to attack if the army of Liaodong came near them. They had not long to wait. As soon as Bei Yan and his army approached, Xiahou Ba and Xiahou Wei exploded a bomb, beat the drums, waved their flags, and came out, one force on each side. Bei Yan and Yang Zuo made a fight but soon fled to Shoushan Mountain, where they fell in with Gongsun Yuan and joined the main army. Then they turned to give battle to the Wei army.

32 Bei Yan rode to the front and reviled the enemy, shouting, "You rebels! Do not try trickery, but dare you fight in the open?"

33 Xiahou Ba rode out to accept the challenge, and after a few bouts Bei Yan fell. In the confusion caused by the death of their leader, Xiahou Ba urged on his troops and drove Gongsun Yuan back to Xiangping, and Gongsun Yuan took refuge in the city.

34 The city was surrounded. It was autumn, and the rain fell day after day without ceasing. At the end of the month, the plain was under three feet of water, so that the grain boats sailed straight from River Ji to the city walls. The besiegers suffered much from the floods.

35 Pei Jing, Commander of the Left, went to Sima Yi and asked, "The rain keeps pouring down, and tents cannot be pitched on mud. May the army be moved to camp on the higher ground?"

36 But Sima Yi flouted the suggestion.

37 "How can the army move away just when success is in sight? The rebels will be conquered now any day. If any other speaks about drawing off, he will be put to death."

38 Pei Jing agreed and went away.

39 Soon after, Chou Lian, Commander of the Right, came to see his chief and repeated the suggestion, saying, "The soldiers are suffering from the rains. O Commander, let them camp on the hills."

40 Sima Yi got angry and said, "I have sent the command, and you are against it!"

41 And he ordered Chou Lian to be executed. His head was suspended at the camp gate as a warning to others. The soldiers dared to complain any more.

42 Then Sima Yi ordered the south camp to be abandoned, and the army marched seven miles south, thus allowing the soldiers and people in the city to come out to gather fuel and pasture their cattle.

43 The attacking army could not understand this move, and General Chen Qun spoke about it.

44 "When you besieged Shangyong, O Commander, you attacked all round at eight points, and the city fell in eight days. Meng Da was taken, and you won a great success. Now your forty thousand troops have borne their armors many days over long marches and you do not press the attack, but keep them in the mud and mire and let the enemy gather supplies and feed their cattle. I do not know what your intention may be."

45 "Sir," replied the Commander-in-Chief, "I see you are ignorant of war after all. You do not understand the different conditions. Meng Da then had ample supplies and few troops, while we were under exactly opposite conditions. So we had to attack vigorously and at once. The suddenness of the attack defeated the enemy. But look at present conditions. The Liaodong troops are many and we few; they are on the verge of starvation, and we are full fed. Why should we force the attack? Our line is to let the soldiers desert and capture the city. Therefore I leave a gate open and the road free that they may run away."

46 Chen Qun then understood and acknowledged the correctness of the strategy. Sima Yi sent to Luoyang to hasten supplies, that there should be no shortage.

47 However, the war was not supported in the capital, for when the messenger arrived and the Ruler of Wei summoned his courtiers, they said, "In Liaodong the rain has been continuous for a month, and the soldiers are in misery. Sima Yi ought to be recalled, and the war renewed at a more convenient season."

48 The Ruler of Wei replied, "The leader of our army is most capable and best able to decide upon what should be done. He understands the conditions and is teeming with magnificent plans. He will certainly succeed. Wherefore, Noble Sirs, wait a few days and let us not be anxious about the result."

49 So Cao Rui heeded not the voice of the dissentients, but took care that provisions were sent.

50 After a few days the rain ceased, and fine, clear weather followed. That night Sima Yi went out of his tent that he might study the sky. Suddenly he saw a very large and bright star start from a point over Shoushan Mountain and travel over toward Xiangping, where it fell. The soldiers were rather frightened at this apparition, but the leader rejoiced.

51 "Five days from now Gongsun Yuan will be slain where that star fell," said he. "Therefore attack with vigor."


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