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Chapter 072-04 양수와 계륵

操恐人暗中謀害己身，常分付左右：「吾夢中好殺人；凡吾睡著，汝等切勿近前。」一日，晝寢帳中，落被於地。一近侍慌取覆蓋。操躍起拔劍斬之，復上床睡；半晌而起，佯驚問：「何人殺吾近侍？」眾以實對。操痛哭，命厚葬之。人皆以為操果夢中殺人。惟脩知其意，臨葬時指而歎曰：「丞相非在夢中，君乃在夢中耳！」操聞而愈惡之。

操第三子曹植，愛脩之才，常邀脩談論，終夜不息。操與眾商議，欲立植為世子。曹丕知之，密請朝歌長吳質入內府商議；因恐有人知覺，乃用大簏藏吳質於中，只說是絹匹在內，載入府中。脩知其事，逕來告操。操令人於丕府門伺察之。丕慌告吳質。質曰：「無憂也。明日用大簏裝絹，再入以惑之。」丕如其言，以大簏載絹入。使者搜看簏中，果絹也，回報曹操。操因疑脩譖害曹丕，愈惡之。

操欲試曹丕，曹植之才幹。一日，令各出鄴城門；卻密使人分付門吏，令勿放出。曹丕先至。門吏阻之，丕只得退回。植聞知，問於脩。脩曰：「君奉王命而出，如有阻當者，竟斬之可也。」植然其言。及至門，門吏阻住。植叱曰：「吾奉王命，誰敢阻當！」立斬之。於是曹操以植為能。後有人告操曰：「此乃楊脩之所教也。」操大怒，因此亦不喜植。

修又嘗為曹植作答教十餘條。但操有問，植即依條答之。操每以軍國之事問植，植對答如流，操心中甚疑。後曹丕暗買植左右，偷答教來告操。操見了大怒曰：「匹夫安敢欺我耶！」此時已有殺脩之心。今乃借惑亂軍心之罪殺之。修死年三十四歲。後人有詩嘆曰：

聰明楊德祖，世代繼簪纓。
筆下龍蛇走，胸中錦繡成。
閒談驚四座，捷對冠群英。
身死因才誤，非關欲退兵。

曹操既殺楊脩，佯怒夏侯惇，亦欲斬之。眾官告免。操乃叱退夏侯惇，下令來日進兵。次日，兵出斜谷界口，前面一軍相迎，為首大將乃魏延也。操招魏延歸降，魏延大罵。操令龐德出戰。

二將正鬥間，曹寨內火起。人報馬超劫了中後二寨。操拔劍在手曰：「諸將退後者斬！」眾將努力上前。魏延詐敗而走，操方麾軍回戰馬超，自立馬於高阜處，看兩軍爭戰。忽一彪軍撞至面前，大叫：「魏延在此！」拈弓搭箭，射中曹操。操翻身落馬。延棄弓綽刀，驟馬上山坡來殺曹操。刺斜裏閃出一將，大叫：「休傷吾主！」視之，乃龐德也。德奮力向前，戰退魏延，保操前行。

馬超兵已退。操帶傷歸寨。原來被魏延射中人中，折卻門牙兩個，急令醫士調治。方憶楊脩之言，隨將脩屍收回厚葬，就令班師；卻教龐德斷後。操臥於氈車之中，左右虎賁軍護衛而行。忽報斜谷山上兩邊火起，伏兵趕來。曹兵人人驚恐。正是：

依稀昔日潼關厄，彷彿當年赤壁危。

未知曹操性命如何，且看下文分解。


84 Cao Cao lived in constant fear of assassination, and said to his attendants, "Let none of you come near me when I am sleeping, for I am likely to slay people in my dreams."

85 One day he was enjoying a siesta, and his quilt fell off. One of the attendants saw it and hastened to cover him again. Cao Cao suddenly leaped from the couch, cut down the intruder with his sword, and lay down again to sleep. Some time after he awoke, simulated surprise and asked who had killed his attendant. When they told him, Cao Cao wept aloud for the dead man and had him buried in a fine grave. Most people thought that Cao Cao had slain the man while asleep, but Yang Xiu knew better.

86 At the funeral of the victim Yang Xiu remarked, "The Prime Minister was in no dream, but only you were asleep."

87 This only increased the hatred.

88 Cao Cao's third son, Cao Zhi, took great delight in Yang Xiu's cleverness and often invited him, when they would talk the whole night.

89 When Cao Cao was considering the nomination of his heir and desired to name Cao Zhi, Cao Pi got to hear of the proposal to set him aside in favor of his younger brother, so he secretly requested the Master of the Court Singers, Wu Zhi, to come and discuss this matter. Then fearing that someone might see his visitor, Cao Pi got a large basket made, in which his friend was smuggled into the Palace. Cao Pi gave out that the basket contained rolls of silk. Yang Xiu heard the truth and informed Cao Cao, who sent guards to watch at the gates.

90 Cao Pi, in alarm, told Wu Zhi, who said, "Be not afraid, but to fill a basket actually with rolls of silk on the morrow and have it carried in as before."

91 The searchers peeped into the basket and found the rolls of silk. They told Cao Cao the result of their search, and Cao Cao began to think Yang Xiu was plotting against his son. This also added to his hatred.

92 Another time Cao Cao, wishing to compare the abilities of his two sons Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, told them both to go out of the city, at the same time ordering the gate wardens to forbid their exit. Cao Pi first came to the gate, was stopped by the wardens, and returned to his palace.

93 But his brother Cao Zhi consulted Yang Xiu, who said, "You have received orders from the Prince to go out. Simply cut down any who may try to prevent you."

94 When Cao Zhi went to the gate and was stopped, he shouted out to the wardens, "I have the Prince's order to go out. Dare you stop me?"

95 He slew the man who would have prevented him. Wherefore Cao Cao considered his younger son the more able. But when some other person told him that the device came from Yang Xiu, he was angry and took a dislike to his son Cao Zhi.

96 Yang Xiu also used to coach Cao Zhi in preparing replies to likely questions, which were learned by heart and quoted when necessary. Cao Cao was always asking this son his opinion on military matters, and Cao Zhi always had a fluent reply ready. His father was not without suspicions, which were turned into certainties when Cao Pi gave his father the written replies which Cao Pi had bribed a servant to filch from his brother's apartments. Cao Cao was quite angry.

97 "How dare he throw dust in my eyes like this?" said Cao Cao.

98 Yang Xiu very nearly lost his life for his share in that business. Now sending him to execution on the charge of destroying the morale of the soldiers was only a subterfuge. Yang Xiu was but thirty-four when he met his end.

99 Talented was Yang Xiu, 
Born of an illustrious stock, 
His pen traced wonderful characters, 
In his breast were beautiful words. 
When he talked, his hearers were astonished, 
His alert responses overpast everyone. 
He died because of misdirected genius 
And not because he foretold retreat.

100 Cao Cao thus put to death the prime mover and simulated anger against Xiahou Dun. He threatened to execute Xiahou Dun, but listened to those who begged him to show mercy.

101 "Get out of this!" said he.

102 Next he issued an order to advance on the morrow. The army moved out of the valley and came face to face with the troops of Shu led by Wei Yan. He summoned Wei Yan to surrender, but received abuse and contumely in return.

103 Pang De went out to fight Wei Yan. But while the combat was in progress, fires broke out in Cao Cao's camp, and a soldier came flying to say that the rear and center camps had been seized by Ma Chao.

104 Fearing lest this should lead to a rout, he drew his sword and stood before the army, crying out, "Death for any officer who flinches!"

105 Wherefore the men of Wei pressed forward valiantly, and Wei Yan, pretending defeat, retreated. Having driven back this army, Cao Cao gave the signal to turn toward camp and fight with Ma Chao. He took up his station on the top of a hill whence he could survey the field.

106 Suddenly a cohort appeared just below him, and the leader cried, "Wei Yan is here!"

107 Wei Yan fitted an arrow to his bow, shot, and wounded Cao Cao right in his lip. Cao Cao turned and fell. Wei Yan threw aside his bow, seized his sword, and came charging up the hill to finish his enemy. But with a shouting Pang De flashed in.

108 "Spare my lord!" cried Pang De.
109 He rushed up and drove Wei Yan backward. Then they took Cao Cao away. Ma Chao also retired, and the wounded prince slowly returned to his own camp.

110 Cao Cao was wounded full in the face, and the arrow knocked out two of his front teeth. When in the hands of the physicians, he lay thinking over Yang Xiu's words. In a repentant mood he had Yang Xiu's remains decently interred.

111 Then he gave the order to retreat. Pang De was the rear guard. Cao Cao set out homeward in a padded carriage, escorted by his Tiger Guards.

112 Before they had gone far, there was an alarm of fire and ambush in the Xie Valley. The soldiers of Wei were all fear-stricken.

113 That was something like the danger once at Tong Pass met, 
Or like the fight at the Red Cliffs which no one could never forget.

114 How Cao Cao fared will next be told.


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